Sediment-water interface is an important boundary,the greatest gradient in physics, chemistry and biology in natural water, responsible for transportation and exchange of chemical species between waters and sediments. All chemical processes occuring near the interface were involved in organic matter and micrical organic oxidation indirectly or directly in deep-water and oxic/anoxic interface environment,it’s typical biogeochemical process.Organic oxidation and the resulting redox process is the base of all chemical processes and transformation near the interface.The article discussed research methods,the contribution of interface processes to rare elements; cycling,mobile and transporting mechanisms,transformation of typical redox elements(C,N,O),and significance and calculation of diffusive fluxes and sublayers of the interface.