| [1] |
Clarke G K C, Schmok J P, Ommanney C S L, et al. Characteristics of surge-type glaciers [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1986, 91(B7): 7 165-7 180.
|
| [2] |
Hewitt K. Glacier surges in the karakoram himalaya (central asia) [J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1969, 6(4): 1 009-1 018.
|
| [3] |
Sevestre H, Benn D I. Climatic and geometric controls on the global distribution of surge-type glaciers: implications for a unifying model of surging [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2015, 61(228): 646-662.
|
| [4] |
Lv M Y, Guo H D, Lu X C, et al. Characterizing the behaviour of surge- and non-surge-type glaciers in the Kingata Mountains, eastern Pamir, from 1999 to 2016 [J]. The Cryosphere, 2019, 13(1): 219-236.
|
| [5] |
Murray T, Luckman A, Strozzi T, et al. The initiation of glacier surging at Fridtjovbreen, Svalbard [J]. Annals of Glaciology, 2003, 36: 110-116.
|
| [6] |
Nanni U, Bouchayer C, Åkesson H, et al. Observed positive feedback between surface ablation and crevasse formation drives glacier acceleration and potential surge [J]. Nature Communications, 2025, 16(1): 11227.
|
| [7] |
Lovell A M, Carr J R, Stokes C R. Topographic controls on the surging behaviour of Sabche Glacier, Nepal (1967 to 2017) [J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2018, 210: 434-443.
|
| [8] |
Kääb A, Leinss S, Gilbert A, et al. Massive collapse of two glaciers in western tibet in 2016 after surge-like instability [J]. Nature Geoscience, 2018, 11(2): 114-120.
|
| [9] |
Wu Junhui, Li Jia, Guo Lei, et al. Remote sensing monitoring and surge mechanisms analysis of the Amney Machen Mountain Glaciers [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2025, 68(5): 1 695-1 710.
|
|
吴俊辉, 李佳, 郭磊, 等. 阿尼玛卿山冰川遥感监测及跃动机理分析 [J]. 地球物理学报, 2025, 68(5): 1 695-1 710.
|
| [10] |
Thøgersen K, Gilbert A, Schuler T V, et al. Rate-and-state friction explains glacier surge propagation [J]. Nature Communications, 2019, 10: 2823.
|
| [11] |
Hollingworth S E. “Book review” glacier variations and climatic fluctuations [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1954, 2(15): 369-370.
|
| [12] |
Post A S. The exceptional advances of the muldrow, black rapids, and susitna glaciers [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1960, 65(11): 3 703-3 712.
|
| [13] |
Nye J F. A calculation on the sliding of ice over a wavy surface using a newtonian viscous approximation [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 1969, 311(1 506): 445-467.
|
| [14] |
Haefeli R. Contribution to the movement and the form of ice sheets in the arctic and antarctic [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1961, 3(30): 1 133-1 151.
|
| [15] |
Nye J F. The flow of a glacier in a channel of rectangular, elliptic or parabolic cross-section [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1965, 5(41): 661-690.
|
| [16] |
Nye J F. The mechanics of glacier flow [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1952, 2(12): 82-93.
|
| [17] |
Meier M F. Mode of flow of saskatchewan Glacier, Alberta, Canada [M]. Washington: United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1960.
|
| [18] |
Budd W F, Keage P L, Blundy N A. Empirical studies of ice sliding [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1979, 23(89): 157-170.
|
| [19] |
Weertman J. On the sliding of glaciers [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1957, 3(21): 33-38.
|
| [20] |
Lliboutry L. General theory of subglacial cavitation and sliding of temperate glaciers [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 1968, 7(49): 21-58.
|
| [21] |
Fountain A G, Walder J S. Water flow through temperate glaciers[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 1998, 36(3): 299-328.
|
| [22] |
Kyrke-Smith T M, Katz R F, Fowler A C. Subglacial hydrology and the formation of ice streams [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, 2014, 470(2161): 20130494.
|
| [23] |
Clarke G K C, Collins S G, Thompson D E. Flow, thermal structure, and subglacial conditions of a surge-type glacier [J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1984, 21(2): 232-240.
|
| [24] |
Kamb B, Raymond C F, Harrison W D, et al. Glacier surge mechanism: 1982-1983 surge of Variegated Glacier, Alaska [J]. Science, 1985, 227(4 686): 469-479.
|
| [25] |
Dunse T, Schellenberger T, Hagen J O, et al. Glacier-surge mechanisms promoted by a hydro-thermodynamic feedback to summer melt [J]. The Cryosphere, 2015, 9(1): 197-215.
|
| [26] |
Murray T, Stuart G W, Miller P J, et al. Glacier surge propagation by thermal evolution at the bed [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2000, 105: 13 491-13 508.
|
| [27] |
Zhang Z J, Ahmad Z, Xiong S Q, et al. Glacier velocity and surge detection in the Karakoram Region, Pakistan: using remotely sensed data with cross-correlation feature tracking [J]. International Journal of Digital Earth, 2024, 17(1): 2441928.
|
| [28] |
Quincey D J, Braun M, Glasser N F, et al. Karakoram Glacier surge dynamics [J/OL]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2011, 38(18). .
|
| [29] |
Quincey D J, Glasser N F, Cook S J, et al. Heterogeneity in Karakoram Glacier surges [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 2015, 120(7): 1 288-1 300.
|
| [30] |
Benn D I, Fowler A C, Hewitt I, et al. A general theory of glacier surges [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2019, 65(253): 701-716.
|
| [31] |
Benn D I, Jones R L, Luckman A, et al. Mass and enthalpy budget evolution during the surge of a polythermal glacier: a test of theory [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2019, 65(253): 717-731.
|
| [32] |
Guillet G, Benn D I, King O, et al. Global detection of glacier surges from surface velocities, elevation change and SAR backscatter data between 2000 and 2024: a test of surge mechanism theories [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2025, 71: e88.
|
| [33] |
Jiang Z L, Wu K P, Liu S Y, et al. Surging dynamics of south rimo glacier, eastern Karakoram [J]. Environmental Research Letters, 2021, 16(11): 114044.
|
| [34] |
Li S Y, Leinss S, Bernhard P, et al. Recent surge of the South Rimo Glacier, Karakoram: dynamics characterization using SAR data[C]// 2021 IEEE international geoscience and remote sensing symposium IGARSS. Brussels, Belgium. IEEE, 2021: 5 520-5 523.
|
| [35] |
Strozzi T, Luckman A, Murray T, et al. Glacier motion estimation using SAR offset-tracking procedures[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2002, 40(11): 2 384-2 391.
|
| [36] |
Nuth C, Kääb A. Co-registration and bias corrections of satellite elevation data sets for quantifying glacier thickness change [J]. The Cryosphere, 2011, 5(1): 271-290.
|
| [37] |
Bannwart J, Piermattei L, Dussaillant I, et al. Elevation bias due to penetration of spaceborne radar signal on grosser Aletschgletscher, Switzerland [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2024, 70: e1.
|
| [38] |
Piermattei L, Zemp M, Sommer C, et al. Observing glacier elevation changes from spaceborne optical and radar sensors-an inter-comparison experiment using aster and tandem-x data [J]. The Cryosphere, 2024, 18(7): 3 195-3 230.
|
| [39] |
Paul F, Piermattei L, Treichler D, et al. Three different glacier surges at a spot: what satellites observe and what not [J]. The Cryosphere, 2022, 16(6): 2 505-2 526.
|
| [40] |
Hooke R L. Principles of glacier mechanics [M]. 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
|
| [41] |
Etzelmüller B, Schuler T V, Isaksen K, et al. Modeling the temperature evolution of Svalbard permafrost during the 20th and 21st century [J]. The Cryosphere, 2011, 5(1): 67-79.
|
| [42] |
Lucazeau F. Analysis and mapping of an updated terrestrial heat flow data set [J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2019, 20(8): 4 001-40 24.
|
| [43] |
Bhambri R, Bolch T, Kawishwar P, et al. Heterogeneity in glacier response in the upper Shyok valley, northeast Karakoram [J]. The Cryosphere, 2013, 7(5): 1 385-1 398.
|
| [44] |
Benn D I, Hewitt I J, Luckman A J. Enthalpy balance theory unifies diverse glacier surge behaviour [J]. Annals of Glaciology, 2022, 63(87/88/89): 88-94.
|
| [45] |
Narayanan N G, Sommers A N, Chu W, et al. Simulating seasonal evolution of subglacial hydrology at a surging glacier in the Karakoram [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2025, 71: e94.
|