东亚地区
  <strong>MIS 5</strong>时期孢粉记录的植被与气候研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.05.0540

地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 540 -551. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.05.0540

东亚地区 MIS 5时期孢粉记录的植被与气候研究进展

雒聪文(

),马玉贞(

),王凯,李丹丹

地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室，北京师范大学地理科学学部，北京100875

收稿日期:2019-02-20 修回日期:2019-04-10 出版日期:2019-05-10
通讯作者: 马玉贞 E-mail:lcw@mail.bnu.edu.cn;mayzh@bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“毛乌素沙漠晚第四纪的高分辨率孢粉记录与环境变化研究”(编号：41571186);国家自然科学基金重点项目“毛乌素沙漠古河流湖泊的消退和风沙地貌演化过程研究”(编号：41330748)

Vegetation and Climate Inferred from Pollen Record in East Asian Region During MIS 5: A Review

Congwen Luo( ),Yuzhen Ma( ),Kai Wang,Dandan Li

State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2019-02-20 Revised:2019-04-10 Online:2019-05-10 Published:2019-07-04
Contact: Yuzhen Ma E-mail:lcw@mail.bnu.edu.cn;mayzh@bnu.edu.cn
About author:Luo Congwen (1994-), female, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, Master student. Research areas include quaternary environmental change. E-mail: lcw@mail.bnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Late Quaternary environmental change inferred from a high-resolution pollen record in the Mu Us Desert, China” (No.41571186) and “Research on extinction of rivers and lakes and aeolian landform evolution in Mu Us Desert since the Late Quaternary”(No.41330748)

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末次间冰期（深海氧同位素5阶段，MIS 5，71~128 ka BP）离现代间冰期最近，对其认识有助于预测未来环境，而化石孢粉是恢复古植被与古气候的重要指标。通过对选择出的东亚地区孢粉记录的具有年代数据和孢粉图谱的古植被和气候研究的综合分析，初步认为： $①$ MIS 5的植被格局可与现代间冰期即全新世的植被格局对比。 $②$ 各区孢粉记录了MIS 5气候波动，部分地区可划分出5a，5b，5c，5d和5e，存在轨道尺度变化，千年尺度事件较少发现。 $③$ 东亚季风是影响现代东亚季风区环境的主要因素，但日本可能还受到西风环流和洋流的影响；西风、印度季风和地形是影响青藏高原环境的主要因素。 $④$ 东亚地区，特别是干旱半干旱区，分辨率较高的孢粉记录的环境变化仍需更深入的研究。

关键词: MIS 5, 孢粉记录, 植被与气候, 东亚地区

The last interglacial, Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS 5, about 71~128 ka BP), is the closest to modern interglacial period, in which there are identifiable patterns that could give us clues into what will happen in the future. Pollen analysis, the study of fossil pollen and spores, is one of the key methods for the reconstruction of past vegetation and environment. Pollen data from 23 sites in eastern Asian region were reviewed to document regional patterns of vegetation and climate change during MIS 5 and to understand the large-scale controls on these changes. The regional patterns of vegetation during MIS 5 can be compared with the present-day vegetation. The climate, inferred from pollen record, was not stable during MIS 5. The substages (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and 5e) of MIS 5 can be identi?ed by pollen assemblages in some areas, which describe the imprint of orbital-scale climate oscillations. East Asian monsoons have significantly contributed to the environment of modern eastern Asian monsoon region during MIS 5. However, the climate in Japan is also affected by the ocean currents and westerly circulation. The climate of the Tibetan Plateau is controlled by interactions of competing factors, including Indian monsoons, westerlies, and topography. In eastern Asian region, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, the high-resolution pollen records need to be further studied for the better understanding of the climate change.

Key words: MIS 5, Pollen record, Vegetation and climate, Eastern Asia.

中图分类号:

P532

图1 东亚地区MIS 5时期选择的孢粉记录研究点位置图（具体信息和参考文献见表1）

Fig.1 Map showing the locations of examined fossil pollen sites in East Asian region during MIS 5 (see Table 1 for site information and references)

表1 选取出的东亚地区孢粉记录的 MIS 5环境研究点

Table 1 List of fossil pollen sites from the East Asian region used in this review

编号	研究点	经纬度	时间 /ka BP	测年材料	测年方法	参考文献
1	KY01	35.11°N, 135.59°E	130~71	火山灰	火山灰年代学	[ 19 ]
2	BT Core	35.25°N, 136.05°E	130~65	火山灰	火山灰年代学+深海氧同位素曲线对比	[ 20 ]
3	KL Site	35.52°N, 135.88°E	120~70	火山灰	火山灰年代学	[ 21 ]
4	V28-304	28.53°N, 134.13°E	128~71	底栖有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 22 , 23 ]
5	MD01-2421	36.02°N, 141.78°E	130~74	火山灰+底栖有孔虫	火山灰年代学+深海氧同位素曲线对比	[ 24 ]
6	RC14-99	36.97°N, 147.93°E	128~71	放射虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 22 , 23 ]
7	C9001C	41.18°N, 142.20°E	130~70	底栖有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 25 ]
8	ODP1144	20.05°N, 117.42°E	125~79	钙质超微化石+浮游有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 26 ]
9	MD982194	28.12°N, 127.37°E	128~74	浮游有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 27 ]
10	DLC70-3	36.64°N, 123.55°E	134~80	石英颗粒	光释光（OSL）测年	[ 28 ]
11	DJH-2	31.49°N,109.99°E	129~72	不明确	氨基酸外消旋法	[ 29 ]
12	北窑剖面	34.71°N, 112.48°E	122~96	不明确	OSL测年+深海氧同位素曲线	[ 30 ]
13	洛川剖面	35.70°N, 109.42°E	129~79	不明确	磁化率+深海氧同位素曲线对比	[ 31 ]
14	HZ-S	36.61°N, 114.51°E	130~75	不明确	热释光（TL）测年	[ 32 ]
15	唐山钻孔	39.61°N, 118.20°E	136~59	不明确	TL测年	[ 33 ]
16	北京西山剖面	39.97°N, 115.67°E	129.3~78.5	石英颗粒	TL测年	[ 3 ]
17	侯家窑剖面	40.10°N, 113.98°E	160~85	不明确	OSL测年	[ 4 ]
18	HQ	26.27°N, 100.18°E	130~73	不明确	湖泊沉积固结年代模式推算	[ 34 ]
19	RM	33.95°N, 102.35°E	134~71	不明确	与古里雅，GISP2冰芯曲线对比	[ 2 ]
20	佩枯错盆地	28.78°N, 85.58°E	127~72	不明确	电子自旋共振（ESR）	[ 35 ]
21	ZK06	38.33°N, 91.50°E	127~76	不明确	对比ZK02的铀系测年	[ 36 ]
22	酒房台剖面	37.77°N, 108.56°E	152~72	不明确	OSL测年+ ESR	[ 37 ]
23	ZK1	39.10°N, 103.65°E	128~?	不明确	OSL测年	[ 38 ]

表1 选取出的东亚地区孢粉记录的 MIS 5环境研究点

Table 1 List of fossil pollen sites from the East Asian region used in this review

编号	研究点	经纬度	时间 /ka BP	测年材料	测年方法	参考文献
1	KY01	35.11°N, 135.59°E	130~71	火山灰	火山灰年代学	[ 19 ]
2	BT Core	35.25°N, 136.05°E	130~65	火山灰	火山灰年代学+深海氧同位素曲线对比	[ 20 ]
3	KL Site	35.52°N, 135.88°E	120~70	火山灰	火山灰年代学	[ 21 ]
4	V28-304	28.53°N, 134.13°E	128~71	底栖有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 22 , 23 ]
5	MD01-2421	36.02°N, 141.78°E	130~74	火山灰+底栖有孔虫	火山灰年代学+深海氧同位素曲线对比	[ 24 ]
6	RC14-99	36.97°N, 147.93°E	128~71	放射虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 22 , 23 ]
7	C9001C	41.18°N, 142.20°E	130~70	底栖有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 25 ]
8	ODP1144	20.05°N, 117.42°E	125~79	钙质超微化石+浮游有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 26 ]
9	MD982194	28.12°N, 127.37°E	128~74	浮游有孔虫	氧同位素年代学	[ 27 ]
10	DLC70-3	36.64°N, 123.55°E	134~80	石英颗粒	光释光（OSL）测年	[ 28 ]
11	DJH-2	31.49°N,109.99°E	129~72	不明确	氨基酸外消旋法	[ 29 ]
12	北窑剖面	34.71°N, 112.48°E	122~96	不明确	OSL测年+深海氧同位素曲线	[ 30 ]
13	洛川剖面	35.70°N, 109.42°E	129~79	不明确	磁化率+深海氧同位素曲线对比	[ 31 ]
14	HZ-S	36.61°N, 114.51°E	130~75	不明确	热释光（TL）测年	[ 32 ]
15	唐山钻孔	39.61°N, 118.20°E	136~59	不明确	TL测年	[ 33 ]
16	北京西山剖面	39.97°N, 115.67°E	129.3~78.5	石英颗粒	TL测年	[ 3 ]
17	侯家窑剖面	40.10°N, 113.98°E	160~85	不明确	OSL测年	[ 4 ]
18	HQ	26.27°N, 100.18°E	130~73	不明确	湖泊沉积固结年代模式推算	[ 34 ]
19	RM	33.95°N, 102.35°E	134~71	不明确	与古里雅，GISP2冰芯曲线对比	[ 2 ]
20	佩枯错盆地	28.78°N, 85.58°E	127~72	不明确	电子自旋共振（ESR）	[ 35 ]
21	ZK06	38.33°N, 91.50°E	127~76	不明确	对比ZK02的铀系测年	[ 36 ]
22	酒房台剖面	37.77°N, 108.56°E	152~72	不明确	OSL测年+ ESR	[ 37 ]
23	ZK1	39.10°N, 103.65°E	128~?	不明确	OSL测年	[ 38 ]

图2 东亚季风区MIS 5时期孢粉记录图

Fig.2 Summary pollen diagram from the East Asian monsoon region

图3 青藏高原区和干旱半干旱区MIS 5时期孢粉记录图

Fig.3 Summary pollen diagram from the Tibetan Plateau and arid and the arid semi-arid region

图4 东亚MIS 5时期孢粉记录的气候与其他资料对比图

Fig.7 Comparison of the climate history of MIS 5 in East Asian region with other records

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