天山东部冰川雪坑离子浓度特征的对比研究

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.12.1268

地球科学进展 ›› 2008, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (12): 1268 -1276. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.12.1268

天山东部冰川雪坑离子浓度特征的对比研究

李向应 ¹,刘时银 ^1,2,韩添丁 ¹,李忠勤 ¹,卢爱刚 ³

1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,寒旱区流域水文与应用生态实验室,甘肃兰州 730000; 2. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京 100085;3. 渭南师范学院环境与生命科学系,陕西渭南 714000

收稿日期:2008-09-05 修回日期:2008-11-14 出版日期:2008-12-10
通讯作者: 李向应 E-mail:lixiangying@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
科技部科技基础性工作专项项目“中国冰川资源及其变化调查”(编号：2006FY110200)；国家自然科学基金项目“乌鲁木齐河源多年冻土的水文效应研究”（编号：40871036）；中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目“西部冰川变化监测及其影响评估方法研究”(编号：KZCX2-YW-301)资助.

Ion Concentration in Snow Pits on Glaciers in Eastern Tianshan Mountain—Take Haxilegen Glacier No.51 of Kuitun River and Hami Miaoergou Flat-Topped Glacier As an Example

Li Xiangying ¹,Liu Shiyin ^1,2,Han Tianding ¹,Li Zhongqin ¹,Lu Aigang ³

State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science/Hydrology and Ecology Laboratory of Watershed, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; 3. Department of Environment and Life Sciences, Weinan Teachers University, Weinan 714000, China

Received:2008-09-05 Revised:2008-11-14 Online:2008-12-10 Published:2008-12-10

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对2004年获取的天山奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川1个雪坑和哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川4个雪坑的离子浓度特征进行了研究，结果表明：Ca²⁺、NO^-₃和SO₄^2-是哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川雪坑雪层和积累区雪坑底部冰中的主要离子（尤其是Ca²⁺），其雪层中的主要阳离子关系可在底部冰中得以较好的反映，但雪层中各离子浓度与海拔的相关性不明显，可能与海拔的跨度较小和挖取的雪坑较疏有关;雪坑底部冰中的离子浓度与海拔间明显的相关性说明淋融作用随着海拔升高、气温降低而逐渐减弱。SO₄^2-和Ca²⁺是奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川雪坑中的主要离子（尤其是SO₄^2-），其雪坑离子化学特征与哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川差别较大，可能与哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川处于塔克拉玛干沙漠、古尔班通古特沙漠和鄯善沙漠的下风向相关，还可能与雪层内淋融作用的强弱和沉积通量的高程效应有关。哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川积累区雪坑中NH₄⁺、NO₃^-和K⁺的Cs/Ci较Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺和Na⁺要大，奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川Na⁺和NH4⁺的“雪冰比”较Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Mg²⁺和Ca²⁺要大，说明这两条冰川雪坑中的Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺信号较其它离子可能更易于在冰芯记录中保存下来，为冰芯研究和古气候记录的恢复提供了保障。

关键词: 雪坑, 离子浓度, 奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川, 哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川

The ion concentrations were studied in both four snow pits on Hami Miaoergou Flat-Topped Glacier and one snow pit on Haxilegen Glacier No.51 of Kuitun river in eastern Tianshan Mountain, and both snow pits were retrieved in 2004. The results show that the Ca²⁺, NO^-₃ and SO^2-₄, particularly Ca²⁺, are major ions in the snow of snow pits in both ablation and accumulation area and also in the ice of snow pits in accumulation area on Hami Miaoergou FlatTopped Glacier, where the relationships among major cation concentrations in snow of snow pits can be revealed by ion concentrations in the ice of snow pits, but the correlation between ion concentrations in the snow of snow pits and elevation is not obvious, which probably can be attributed to the narrow span of elevation and sparse snow pits on glacier. However, the good correlation between ion concentrations in the ice of snow pits and elevation indicates that the elution process weakened gradually with the elevation rise and temperature decrease. The SO^2-₄ and Ca²⁺particularly SO^2-₄, are major ions in snow and ice of snow pits on Haxilegen Glacier No.51 of Kuitun river, where its ion chemistry in snow pits is different from that on Hami Miaoergou Flat-Topped Glacier, which is most likely related to the geographical location of Hami Miaoergou Flat-Topped Glacier that is located in the leeward site of the Taklimakan desert, Shanshan desert and Gurbantunggut desert, and also probably associated with the elution process in snow pits and altitude effect of deposition flux. The ratios (Cs/Ci) of NH⁺₄, NO^-₃and K⁺ is bigger than that of Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺and Na⁺ of snow pits in accumulation area on Hami Miaoergou Flat-Topped Glacier, and also the ratios of Na⁺ and NH⁺₄ is bigger than that of Cl^-, SO^2-₄, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ of snow pits on Haxilegen Glacier No.51 of Kuitun river, which indicate that the signals of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in snow pits both on Hami Miaoergou Flat-Topped Glacier and Haxilegen Glacier No.51 of Kuitun river may be easier to be preserved in ice cores than other ions in snow pits. This guaranteed studies of ice core and reconstrution of paleoclimate records on these two glaciers.

Key words: Snow pits, Ion concentration, Haxilegen Glacier No.51 of Kuitun river, Hami Miaoergou Flat-Topped Glacier

中图分类号:

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[1]	李向应,李忠勤,陈正华,赵中平,尤晓妮,朱宇漫. 天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川雪坑中pH值和电导率的季节变化及淋溶过程[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006, 21(5): 487-495.

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