极端干旱荒漠区典型晴天大气热力边界层结构分析

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.11.1150

地球科学进展 ›› 2007, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (11): 1150 -1159. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.11.1150

张强 ¹,赵映东 ²,王胜 ¹,马芳 ¹

1．中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省暨中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点（开放）实验室，甘肃兰州 730020；2.甘肃省水文水资源勘测局，甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2007-09-20 修回日期:2007-10-20 出版日期:2007-11-10
通讯作者: 张强(1965-)，男，甘肃靖远人，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事大气边界层、陆面过程、绿洲气象学、干旱区气候和城市大气环境等领域的研究.E-mail: zhangq@gsma.gov.cn E-mail:zhangq@gsma.gov.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“西北干旱荒漠区大气边界层厚度特征及其形成机制研究”(编号:40575006)；国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“我国重大气候灾害形成机理和预测理论的研究”(编号:G1998040906)共同资助.

A Study on Atmospheric Thermal Boundary Layer Structure in Extremely Arid Desert and Gobi Region on the Clear Day in Summer

ZHANG Qiang ¹, ZHAO Ying-dong ², WANG Sheng ¹, MA Fang ¹

1.Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster, Lanzhou 730020,China;2.Gansu Province Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resource Survey, Lanzhou 730000,China

Received:2007-09-20 Revised:2007-10-20 Online:2007-11-10 Published:2007-11-10

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利用极端干旱区敦煌野外观测试验资料，分析了极端干旱荒漠区夏季典型晴天位温、风速、比湿等主要物理要素的垂直结构特征及其地表热力和近地层大气运动特征的日变化规律。发现在极端干旱地区夏季晴天大气热力边界层结构十分独特。在夜间，贴地逆温层最低在900 m以上，最厚可以达到1 750 m，逆温层上面的残余层一般能达到4 000 m左右的高度。在白天，位温超绝热递减层高达1 000 m，超绝热递减层上面的混合层最高达3 700 m，混合层顶上还有大约450 m甚至更厚的夹卷层。当白天对流层发展达到残余层以后，混合层的发展明显加快。风速和比湿垂直廓线特征很好地印证了大气热力边界层独特的结构特征，地表热力和近地层大气运动特征也为这种独特的大气热力边界层结构提供了较好的物理支持。

关键词: 大气热力边界层, 浮力通量, 对流速度, 极端荒漠区, 夏季典型晴天

Vertical structure characteristics of mainly physics factor such as potential temperature、wind speed and specific humidity etc., using field observation data in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, the diurnal rule of surface thermal and dynamical characteristics in surface layer is analyzed in the extremely arid desert and gobi region. the special thermal boundary layer structure in summer is found. In the nighttime, the lowest ground inversion layer exceeds the height of 900 m and maximum that reaches the 1 750 m. The residual layer can touch the height about the 4 000 m.The depth of the superadiabatic lapse layer for potential temperature and the depth of the mixed layer on it are 1 000 m and 3 700 m in the daytime, respectively, which are high. There is entrainment layer that the depth is more than 450m on the top of the mixed layer. The mixed layer develops rapidly when convective boundary layer product residual layer. The vertical profiles of wind speed and specific humidity confirm well the particular structure of atmospheric thermal boundary layer. Surface thermal and dynamical characteristics supply the physical support for the particular atmospheric thermal boundary layer structure.

Key words: Typical clear day in summer, Convective speed., Extremely desert and gobi region, Atmospheric thermal boundary layer, Buoyancy flux

中图分类号:

P433

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