藏北地区草地退化空间特征及其趋势分析

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.04.0410

地球科学进展 ›› 2007, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 410 -416. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.04.0410

藏北地区草地退化空间特征及其趋势分析

杨凯 ¹，高清竹 ¹，李玉娥 ¹，林而达 ¹，盛文萍 ¹，江村旺扎 ²，王宝山 ²，李文福 ²

1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京 100081；2.西藏自治区那曲地区农牧局，西藏那曲 852100

收稿日期:2006-12-10 修回日期:2007-03-09 出版日期:2007-04-10
通讯作者: 高清竹(1975-)，男，内蒙古科左中旗人，博士，主要从事全球变化与生态安全以及遥感与地理信息系统应用研究.E-mail：gaoqzh@ns.ami.ac.cn E-mail:gaoqzh@ns.ami.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“气候公约谈判和履约对策的综合基础研究”（编号：2002CB412508）;西藏那曲地区与中国农业科学院合作项目“西藏那曲地区草地退化现状及其动态遥感监测”资助．

Spatial Distribution of Grassland Degradation and Trend in Northern Tibet

YANG Kai ¹, GAO Qing-zhu ¹, LIYu-e ¹, LIN Er-da ¹,SHENG Wen-ping ¹, JIANGCUN Wang-zha ², WANG Bao-shan ², LI Wen-fu ²

1.Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081,China; 2.Naqu Bureau of Agriculture and Husbandry Management Department, Tibet Autonomous Region, Naqu 852100,China

Received:2006-12-10 Revised:2007-03-09 Online:2007-04-10 Published:2007-04-10

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根据草地退化国家标准和藏北地区草地退化实际情况，结合藏北地区1981—2004年多年遥感监测数据以及其它相关数据，采用遥感手段和GIS技术，分析藏北地区草地退化与坡向、坡度和海拔高度之间的关系；并计算藏北地区草地退化趋势系数，对该地区草地退化空间特征的趋势进行了分析。结果表明：在藏北地区，草地退化主要发生在平地（坡度小于1°）草地，平地的草地退化趋势比坡地显著，阳坡的草地退化指数（GDI）大于阴坡。在草地面积最大的4 500～5 250 m的海拔高度范围内，草地退化明显，草地退化趋势也显著。

关键词: 高寒草地, 藏北地区, 坡向, 坡度, 草地退化指数(GDI), 草地退化趋势系数

Based on the remote sensing data derived from NOAA/AVHRR with a spatial resolution of 8 km of 1981-2000, SPOT/VGT with a spatial resolution of 1 km of 2001, and MODIS with a spatial resolution of 0.25 km of 2002-2004, as well as other related data of northern Tibet, spatial distribution of grassland degradation in northern Tibet was analyzed with the help of Geographical Information System. This study established a new method to calculate grassland degradation trend coefficient in the northern Tibet and analyzed the grassland degradation trend of this area.
The result indicated that grassland degradation mainly occurred on flat (slope gradients <1 ) in the Northern Tibet and the grassland degradation index (GDI) was higher on the sunny slope than that on the shady slope; the trend of grassland degradation on flat was more significant than that on the slope. Grassland degradation mainly occurred on the elevations ranging from 4500m to 5250m where the largest grassland area is. In this area, grassland degradation is obvious and the trend of grassland degradation is considerable. 

Key words: Northern Tibet, Alpine grassland, Aspect, Slope, Grassland Degradation Index(GDI), Grassland Degradation Trend Coefficient.

中图分类号:

P425.55
S812

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