区域生态风险评价

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2001.02.0267

地球科学进展 ›› 2001, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 267 -271. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2001.02.0267

区域生态风险评价

付在毅,许学工

北京大学城市与环境学系,北京 100871

收稿日期:2000-05-09 修回日期:2000-08-18 出版日期:2001-04-01
通讯作者: 付在毅(1974-),男,四川人,工程师,主要从事环境管理、地理信息系统方向的研究. E-mail:xxg@urban.pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“环渤海三角洲湿地资源动态、景观结构与区域持续发展”(编号: 49631040)与“黄河三角洲重大开发活动的环境效应追踪及调控机理研究”(编号:49771005)联合资助。

REGIONAL ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT

FU Zai-yi, XU Xue-gong

Department of Geography,Peking University,Beijing100871,China

Received:2000-05-09 Revised:2000-08-18 Online:2001-04-01 Published:2001-04-01

生态风险评价是伴随着环境管理目标和环境观念的转变而逐渐兴起并得到发展的一个新的研究领域,它区别于生态影响评价的重要特征在于其强调不确定性因素的作用,区域生态风险评价所涉及的风险源以及评价受体等都在区域内具有空间异质性,因而比一般生态风险评价更复杂。通过讨论区域生态风险评价的特点和方法论基础,对有关概念和评价的方法步骤进行了理论探讨。

关键词: 生态风险评价, 区域生态风险评价, 环境风险管理

Ecological risk assessment is a new study field that applies theories and methods of ecology, geography, environmental science and traditional risk assessment. Its objective is to estimate the possibility and magnitude that some undesired ecological events will occur by using mathematics, probability and other risk analysis techniques. These undesired ecological events are ecological endpoints brought by uncertain disasters or environmental accidents. In fact, ecological risk assessment is a method of drawing risk concept into ecological impact assessment. Regional ecological risk assessment is one branch of ecological risk assessment. It adapts to assess the possibility and magnitude of those undesired events affected on a regional scale. Compared with general ecological risk assessment, both the receptors and the sources of risk must be regional, the exposure and effects assessment must account their uncertainty and spatial heterogeneity. So, regional ecological risk assessment may be more complex. This paper inquires into the theory of regional ecological risk assessment and a set of assessment method. The main method steps of regional ecological risk assessment include regional definition and background analysis, risk receptor analysis, risk sources analysis, exposure and hazard analysis and integrated risk assessment. Then, regional risk management countermeasure can be put forward according to the assessment result.

Key words: Ecological risk assessment, Regional ecological risk assessment, Environmental risk management.

中图分类号:

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