导航卫星太阳辐射压模型研究进展

doi:10.1167/j.issn.1001-8166.2015.04.0495

由于难以精确模制,太阳辐射压摄动已经成为导航卫星精密定轨的主要误差源。因此,为了提高导航卫星的定轨精度,必须对太阳辐射压进行精确建模。随着我国北斗卫星导航系统的稳定运行,开发适用于北斗卫星的太阳辐射压模型已经成为一个研究热点。通过回顾国内外近几十年的太阳辐射压模型研究成果,详细介绍了几种常用的太阳辐射压模型,对其建模原理以及模型的优缺点进行了分析,并介绍了北斗卫星太阳辐射压建模的研究现状,为我国北斗卫星导航系统的太阳辐射压建模提供借鉴。

关键词: 太阳辐射压, 太阳辐射压模型, 精密定轨

Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP) has become the major error factor of the precise orbit determination of the navigation satellites because its model is very difficult to establish. Hence, in order to improve the precision of orbit determination of the satellites, it is necessary to construct SRP model precisely. With the stable operation of COMPASS satellite navigation system, the development of SRP model suitable for COMPASS satellites has become a research hotspot. This paper reviews the research progress on SRP models in recent decades, introduces several common SRP models, analyzes their modeling principles, compares the advantages and disadvantages of each model. In addition, this paper also introduces the research progress of COMPASS satellites SRP modeling and provides a reference for further modeling researches.

Key words: Solar radiation pressure, SRP model, Precise orbit determination.

中图分类号:

P228.4

图1 坐标系及各参数示意图

Fig.1 Diagram of coordinate systems and parameters

图2 垂直于太阳-卫星矢量的像素阵列 ^{[

12
]}

Fig.2 Pixel array orthogonal to the Sun-spacecraft vector ^{[

12
]}

表1 各模型优缺点

Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of each model

模型	RCOK	ECOM	SPRINGER	GSPM.97	GSPM.04	G2A	Adjustable box-wing
类别	分析型	经验型	经验型	经验型	经验型	分析型	半经验型
坐标系	XYZ	DYB	XYZ+DYB	DYB	XYZ	XYZ	XYZ
优点	模制效果与观测数据的多少无关,可作为先验模型使用	适用广泛,可不需先验模型,可调整待估参数的个数,模制精度高	估计参数少,模制精度高	模制精度较高	可适用全部GPS卫星,模制精度高	能计算复杂形状卫星的受照射面积,自动判断相互遮挡情况	所需数据少,模制精度高
缺点	只适用于GPS卫星,且模制精度较低	需长时间的数据拟合才能达到较高精度	需长时间数据序列拟合所需系数	只适用于GPS BlockⅡ/ⅡA卫星	需长时间数据序列拟合所需系数	计算量较大,计算耗时长,需得到卫星的详细数据	参数间相关性较高,需要先验光学特性信息对相关参数进行约束

表1 各模型优缺点

Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of each model

模型	RCOK	ECOM	SPRINGER	GSPM.97	GSPM.04	G2A	Adjustable box-wing
类别	分析型	经验型	经验型	经验型	经验型	分析型	半经验型
坐标系	XYZ	DYB	XYZ+DYB	DYB	XYZ	XYZ	XYZ
优点	模制效果与观测数据的多少无关,可作为先验模型使用	适用广泛,可不需先验模型,可调整待估参数的个数,模制精度高	估计参数少,模制精度高	模制精度较高	可适用全部GPS卫星,模制精度高	能计算复杂形状卫星的受照射面积,自动判断相互遮挡情况	所需数据少,模制精度高
缺点	只适用于GPS卫星,且模制精度较低	需长时间的数据拟合才能达到较高精度	需长时间数据序列拟合所需系数	只适用于GPS BlockⅡ/ⅡA卫星	需长时间数据序列拟合所需系数	计算量较大,计算耗时长,需得到卫星的详细数据	参数间相关性较高,需要先验光学特性信息对相关参数进行约束

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摘要

Research Progress of Solar Radiation Pressure Model for Navigation Satellite