高精度GPS观测中的负荷效应

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.10.1036

地球科学进展 ›› 2007, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (10): 1036 -1040. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.10.1036

高精度GPS观测中的负荷效应

周江存 ^1,2,3，孙和平 ^1,2

1.中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所，湖北武汉 430077；2.中国科学院动力大地测量学重点实验室，湖北武汉 430077；3.中国科学院研究生院，北京 100049

收稿日期:2007-05-23 修回日期:2007-08-20 出版日期:2007-10-15
通讯作者: 周江存(1977-)，男，江苏兴化人，助理研究员，在职博士生，主要从事固体潮和负荷效应问题研究.E-mail: zjc@asch.whigg.ac.cn E-mail:zjc@asch.whigg.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“中国大陆重力场时间变化及其动力学机制研究”(编号：KZCX2-YW-133)；国家自然科学基金项目“固体内核的平动振荡的重力检测和理论模拟”(编号：40574034)联合资助.

Loading Effect on High Precision GPS Observations

ZHOU Jiang-cun ^1,2,3, SUN He-ping ^1,2

1.Institute of Geodesy & Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China;2. Key Laboratory of Dynamic Geodesy, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China;3. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2007-05-23 Revised:2007-08-20 Online:2007-10-15 Published:2007-10-10

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讨论了高精度GPS观测中的负荷效应问题。根据地表质量负荷理论的Green函数方法，计算了地球表面质量负荷（包括大气、非潮汐海洋和陆地水）对中国部分IGS台站垂直位移的影响。其中，大气负荷对各台站的影响比较一致，变化幅度约为20 mm，非潮汐海洋对沿海台站的负荷影响显著，其变化幅度达到10 mm，水负荷对各台站的影响差异较大，最大的变化幅度约20 mm；总的负荷效应达到厘米量级，与GPS观测结果的比较说明在高精度的GPS观测的时间序列中，存在明显的季节性变化，而该变化与表面负荷有着直接的关系。特别是对于房山和乌鲁木齐2个台站，GPS观测的垂直变化中的季节项基本上就是来自于地球表面的质量负荷；而昆明和拉萨这2个台站尽管位于板块运动活跃区域，垂直季节性变化也主要源于地表负荷。因此扣除这些负荷影响的GPS观测资料将更有利于研究地壳的运动特征。

关键词: GPS 垂直位移, 表面质量负荷, 数值模型

The problem of loading effect on high precision GPS observations is discussed in this paper. According to the Green's approach in theory of mass load on Earth's surface, the vertical displacements at some Chinese IGS stations due to mass load, including atmosphere, nontidal ocean and land water, are estimated. The atmosphere loading effects on different stations are of the similar characteristic, which has the magnitude of 20mm; the nontide ocean loading effects are accountable only at the costal stations, which have magnitude of 10mm; and the landwater loading effects are various at different stations, which have magnitude of 20mm. And the total effects of the three sources have obvious seasonal variation with magnitudes of the order of centimeter, which are corresponding to the mass load and comparable with the observations obtained by GPS. Especially for stations of Fangshan and Wulumuqi, the seasonal variations in GPS time series primarily result from mass load. Furthermore, although the stations of Kunming and Lasha locate in active plate motion area, the seasonal variations mostly attribute to surface mass load. Therefore, the GPS observations with the loading effect excluded will contribute more to investigation on the characteristic of crustal movement.

Key words: GPS, Vertical displacement, Surface mass load, Numerical model.

中图分类号:

P228.4

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