References are the literature that has been consulted during the writing of an article or book and are a major component of academic papers. Whether references are correctly and properly cited is one of the important factors in determining whether a paper is worthy of publication. Please check whether the references in your paper meet the following requirements before submission or during the final revision:

Comprehensiveness and Currency: Does the introduction of the paper fully cite the main research achievements in the field both domestically and internationally in recent years? Is there a thorough comparison of the research results presented in this paper with previous studies in the discussion section?

Explicit Citation: When citing others' (or previous) research work (including corrections or modifications to others' work), please clearly indicate the source of the cited work and list it as a reference. Avoid phenomena such as avoiding citation or taking things out of context. It should be noted that for all papers recently published or under review by the authors that are clearly related to the content of this paper, explicit citation is also required.

Accuracy and Compliance: Firstly, references must be error-free, just like the main text. Secondly, references must comply with the citation standards of Progress in Earth Sciences. The journal uses the sequential coding system for reference citation, with references numbered in the order they appear in the paper. The citation rules are implemented in accordance with the national standard GB/T 7714—2015. The following guidelines and details are provided for authors' reference.

References

Common Types of References: Monographs [M], Proceedings of Conferences [C], Journals [J], Dissertations [D], Reports [R], Standards [S], Patents [P], Newspapers [N], Electronic Documents [EB/OL].

1. Monographs/Books: [Number] Author (Editor). Title (first edition not indicated) [M]. Place of publication: Publisher, Year. Pages. [English translation], for example:
• [1] RONG Jiayu, FANG Zongjie. Mass extinction and recovery: Evidences from the Paleozoic and Triassic of South China (Volumes 1 and 2) [M]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2004. [Jiayu Rong, Zongjie Fang. Mass extinction and recovery: Evidences from the Paleozoic and Triassic of South China (Volumes 1 and 2) [M]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2004: 10-26.]
• [2] AN Weidong, WU Ziwang, SHEN Mu, et al. Interaction among temperature, moisture and stress fields in frozen soil [M]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University Press, 1990: 21-75. [Weidong An, Ziwang Wu, Mu Shen, et al. Interaction among temperature, moisture and stress fields in frozen soil [M]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University Press, 1990: 21-75.]
2. Extracted References from Monographs: [Number] Author. Title [M] // Editor. Book Title. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher, Year: Pages. [English translation], for example:
• [1] FRIEDMAN G M, SANDERS J E. Origin and occurrence of dolostone [M] // Chilingar C V, Bissel H J, Fairbridge R W. Carbonate rocks. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1967: 267-348.
3. Extracted References from Conference Proceedings: [Number] Author. Title [C] // Editor. Book Title. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher, Year: Pages. [English translation], for example:
• [1] JURCA T, COUTTS R J, NIXON J F, et al. Thermal-hydraulics modeling for buried gas pipeline strain-based design [C] // The 27th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference. International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, 2017.
4. Extracted References from Serial Publications: [Number] Author. Title [J]. Journal Name, Year, Volume (Issue): Pages. [English translation], for example:
• [1] XIA Jun, CHEN Jin. A new era of flood control strategies from the perspective of managing the 2020 Yangtze River flood [J]. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 2021, 51 (1): 27-34. [Jun Xia, Jin Chen. A new era of flood control strategies from the perspective of managing the 2020 Yangtze River flood [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin: Earth Sciences, 2021, 51 (1): 27-34.]
• [2] TAO Jingle, REICHLE R H, KOSTER R D, et al. Evaluation and enhancement of permafrost modeling with the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model [J]. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 2017, 9 (7): 2,771-2,795.
5. Reports: [Number] Author. Title [R]. Place of report: Name of institution, Year. Pages. [English translation], for example:
• [1] State Oceanic Administration People’s Republic of China. Journal of China Ocean Level Information, 2011 [R]. 2011. [State Oceanic Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Journal of China Ocean Level Information, 2011 [R]. 2011.]
6. Dissertations: [Number] Author. Thesis Title [D]. Place of preservation: Preserving institution, Year. Pages. [English translation], for example:
• [1] DING Ling. The Upper Ordovician (Katian) conodonts biostratigraphy and biofacies from Neixiang, Henan Province [D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2017. [Ling Ding. The Upper Ordovician (Katian) conodonts biostratigraphy and biofacies from Neixiang, Henan Province [D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2017.]
7. Electronic Documents: [Number] Author. Title of electronic document [J/OL] or [M/OL]. Place of publication: Year (date of update or modification) [Date of access]. Source or URL of the electronic document [English translation], for example:
• [1] ZHAO Yaodong. Industrial Engineers in the New Era [M/OL]. Taipei: Commonwealth Publishing House, 1998 [1998-09-26]. http://www.ie.nthu.edu.tw/info/ie ie.new.htm
8. Authors, Editors, and Translators: When there are no more than three authors, editors, or translators, all names should be listed. If there are more than three, list only the first three, followed by “, et al.” or “, et al.” For foreign authors or editors, the surname should come before the given name, with the given name abbreviated. For Chinese authors, the pinyin should be used with the surname first, followed by the given name, with a space in between. The first letter of the surname (including compound surnames) and the first letter of the given name should be capitalized. Do not use hyphens between the given names and do not abbreviate them. For example: Zhu Xiaomin (Xiaomin Zhu); Ouyang Ziyuan (Ziyuan Ouyang). The names of foreign authors should follow international conventions.
9. Title Format: The first letter of each word in the title should be capitalized, except for articles, conjunctions, and prepositions (unless they are the first word). For books (or source documents of extracted references), the first letter of each word in the title should be capitalized.
10. Journal References: If the journal has volumes and issues, both must be provided.
11. Journal Titles in English References: Generally, journal titles should not be abbreviated. However, there are exceptions, which can be discussed with the editorial office (e.g., AAPG Bulletin).
12. Chinese Journal Titles: The full name of the journal should be used, such as Chinese Science Bulletin: Earth Sciences.
13. Translation of Chinese References: All Chinese references should be translated into English.