FROM PRODUCED（PHYSICAL） ASSET TO ECOSYSTEMS ASSET ——COMPLETIVITY OF ASSET AND CAPITAL
Received date: 2002-11-08
Revised date: 2003-06-23
Online published: 2004-04-01
This series of researches made an integrated approach to the theoretical framework of completivity of assetcapital from physical (or manufactured) asset to ecosystems asset（Eco-asset or capital）. The contents include three parts (1) Asset-capital completivity; (2) Definition, composition, classification and comparison of eco-asset; (3) Economic rights and asset-capital completivity. This paper discussed the first part. The author first reviewed the research progresses in the fields of environmental, resources and ecological economics on physical asset, natural asset and eco-asset or capitals, and pointed out that the current hot topic is focused on integration and systemization from produced asset to ecological asset, which have been represented by researches in completion of asset or capital such as conceptual expansion, evaluation methods and mechanisms of property rights. Secondly, the author briefly reviewed the partiality of conceptual category of asset and capital and their incompletivity in the traditional mainstream neoclassical synthesis economics, including conceptual incompletivity, incompletivity of value and incompletivity of rights. The incompletivity of value is the most important issue for current research in this field. Thirdly, the author summarized the conspicuous progresses and some unsolved issues in current researches of asset-capital completion as follows: (1) Connotational expansion: a conceptual system of manmade, natural, human and social capitals has formed; (2) Expansion in forms of property rights: a multiple property system of private, state-owned, common, public, contingent and non-property, [WTBX]etc[WT], has co-existed; (3) Attribute expansion: economically-based attributes have been extended to include biophysical,eco-environmental and socio-cultural attributes for asset or capital; (4) Expansion in scale system for evaluation: a single scale of value of currency for evaluation has been expanded into a multiple scale system of value, especially, massenergy and spatial scales of value have been included for evaluation; Unsolved key issues include: (1) Conceptual extension of asset or capital needs deep exploration from two levels of humanity and nature; (2) System significance of asset or capital needs be enucleated from a systematical level of structure and function; (3) A combinative mechanism of separability between rights and responsibility for asset or capital; (4) Economic implications of value for interactions among scarcity, efficiency, equity and sustainability in completion of asset or capital are necessarily thoroughly explored; (5) Research on some important facets of complexity between ecological-economic interactions affecting completion process of asset or capital needs to be re-enforced; Finally, the author pointed out that, establishing a systematic concept of asset or capital is in urgent need for promoting its completing process and then the connotation of this systematic concept were discussed, five rules for asset-capital completion have been presented as systemization, life cycle value, coupling of different categories of value, right-responsibility integration as well as structuralization of value from quantification.
HU Dan . FROM PRODUCED（PHYSICAL） ASSET TO ECOSYSTEMS ASSET ——COMPLETIVITY OF ASSET AND CAPITAL[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2004 , 19(2) : 289 -295 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2004.02.0289
［1］ Hu Daiguang(胡代光), Gao Hongye(高鸿业), eds. The Dictionary of Western Economics ［M］. Beijing: Economics Sciences Press，2000(in Chinese).
［2］ Hu Dan（胡聃）. A theoretical approach to eco-capitals［A］. In: Deng Nan(邓楠), et al, eds. Sustainable Development: Humans Care for the Future［C］. Harbin: Heilongjiang Education Press,1998（in Chinese）.
［3］ Hu Dan, Wang Rusong. An integrated approach to evaluation on ecological service for urban green space and its application［J］. Journal of Environmental Science, 1998, 10(3): 316-324.
［4］ Huang Xingwen(黄兴文), Chen Baiming(陈百明). The theory and application of China ecoassets zoning［J］. Acta Ecological Sinica(生态学报), 1999，19(5): 602-606(in Chinese).
［5］ Wang Jianmin(王健民), Wang Rusong(王如松). The General Approach to Eco-assets of China［M］. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science & Technology Press,2001(in Chinese).
［6］ Wang Rusong(王如松), Chi Ji（迟计）， Ouyang Zhiyun（欧阳志云），et al，eds. Ecological Integration Methods for Sustainable Development of China Middleand Smallsize Cities ［M］. Beijing： Meteorological Press,2001(in Chinese).
［7］ Dixon J,Bakkes J，Hanilton K，et al. Expanding the Measure of Wealth: Indicators of Environmental Sustainable Development, the World Bank Group［M］. Zhang Kunmin(张坤民), et al，translated. Beijing: China Environmental Scientific Press, 1998(in Chinese).
［8］ Hu Dan. Ecocapital and its Services in Urbanization［A］. In: Focus: Urbanization［C］. IHDP Update, Newsletter of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change, 03/2002.
［9］ El Serafy S. The environment as capital［A］. In : Ecological Economics :The Science and Management of Sustainability［C］. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991.
［10］ Pearce D W, Turner R K. Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment［M］. Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hertfordshire, UK, 1990.
［11］ Pearce D W, Atkinson G. Capital theory and the measure of sustainable development: An indicator of 'weak' sustainability［J］. Ecological Economics, 1993, 8: 103-108.
［12］ Costanza R, Ralph d'Arge, Rudolf de Groot,et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital［J］. Nature, 1997, 387:253-260.
［13］ Jansson A M, Hammer M, Folke C，et al，eds. Investing in Natural Capital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainable Development［M］. Washington DC: Island Press, 1994 .
［14］ Vitousek P M, Ehrlich P R, Enrich A H,et al. Human Appropriation of the products of photosynthesis［J］. Bioscience, 1986, 36(6):368-373.
［15］United Nations. Systems of National Accounts 1993［C］.New York: United Nations,1993.
［16］United Nations. Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting［C］. New York: United Nations, 1992.
［17］Serageldin I. Sustainability and the Wealth of Nations: First Steps in an ongoing journey［R］. Enviromental Sustainable Development Studies and Monographs No.5, Washington DC: World Bank,1996.
［18］ Wackernagel M, Lewan L，Hansson C B. Evaluating the use of natural capital with the ecological footprint—Application in Sweden and subregions［J］. AMBIO, 1999, 28（7）: 604-612.
［19］ Hotelling H. The economics of exhaustible resources［J］. Journal of Political Economy, 1931, 39:137-75.
［20］ Scott A D. Natural Resources: The Economics of Conservation［M］. Toronto. Ont： University of Toronto Press,1955.
［21］ Coleman J. Social capital in the creation of human capital［J］. American Journal of Sociology, 1988, 94:S95-S120.
［22］ Noth D. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance［M］. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
［23］ Putman R. The prosperous community—Social capital and public life［J］. American Prospect, 1993, 13:35-42.
［24］ Hinterberger F, Luks F, SchmidtBleek F. Material Flows vs. 'Natural Capital' What Makes an Economy Sustainable?［J］. Ecological Economics, 1997, 23(1): 1-14.
［25］ Victor P A. Indicators of sustainable development: Some lessons from capital theory［J］. Ecological Economics, 1991, 4: 191-213.
［26］ Perman R, Ma Y, McGilvray J, et al. Natural Resources and Environmental Economics（2nd）［M］. Essex: Pearson Education Limited, 1999.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备62010202000687
