Effects of Human Activity and Climate Changes on Vegetation in Horqin Sandy Grassland, Inner Mongolia
Received date: 2007-11-06
Revised date: 2008-01-15
Online published: 2008-04-10
To understand the effects of human activities and climate changes on sandy grassland vegetation in north China, a field grazing and enclosure experiment was conducted from 1992 to 2006 in Horqin Sand Land, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that: (1) the grazing had significant effects on grassland vegetation, in that the continual overgrazing could result in severe degradation of the vegetation, the light grazing was favorable to restoration of the height, coverage, richness and diversity, and the moderate grazing didn't induce decrease of the richness and diversity thought it also resulted in decrease of the height and coverage; (2) The enclosure could promote increase of the height, coverage, richness and diversity, the increased speed was the height > the coverage >the richness >the diversity; (3) the warm and wetness climate was favorable to maintain higher the height, coverage, richness and diversity in the sandy grassland, and the warm and dry climate could resulted in significant decrease of the height, coverage, richness and diversity; and the effects of the temperature on the vegetation was greater in the rainy period and the effects of the rainfall on the vegetation was greater in the drought period.
Key words: Horqin Sand Land; Human activity; Climate changes; Vegetation; Effects.
ZHAO Halin , ZHOU Ruilian , HUANG Gang , ZUO Xiaoan , LI Yulin , Toshiya Okuro . Effects of Human Activity and Climate Changes on Vegetation in Horqin Sandy Grassland, Inner Mongolia[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2008 , 23(4) : 408 -414 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.04.0408
[1] Nautiyal M C,Nautiyal B P,Vinay P. Effect of grazing and climatic changes on alpine vegetation of Tungnath,Garhwal Himalaya,India [J]. The Environmentalist,2004,24:125-134.
[2] Li Xia,Li Xiaobing,Wang Hong,et al. Impact of climate change on temperate grassland in northern China [J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2006,42(6): 618-624.[李霞,李晓兵,王宏,等.气候变化对中国北方温带草原植被的影响[J]. 北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2006,42(6): 618-624.]
[3] Wang Deli,LÜ Xinlong,Luo Weidong. Analysis to effects of different grazing density on characteristics of rangeland vegetation [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica,1996,5(3): 28-33.[王德利,吕新龙,罗卫东. 不同放牧密度对草原植被特征的影响分析[J]. 草业学报,1996,5(3) : 28-33.]
[4] Zhang Qiang,Zhao Xue,Zhao Halin. Sandy Grassland in China [M]. Beijing: Science Press,1998.[张强,赵雪,赵哈林.中国沙区草地[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,1998.]
[5] Davenport M L,Nicholson S E. On the relation between rainfall and the normalized difference vegetation index for diverse vegetation types in East Africa [J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing,1993,(14): 2 369-2 380.
[6] Schultz P A,Halpert M S. Global analysis of the relationships among a vegetation index, precipitation and land-surface temperature [J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing,1995, 16: 2 755-2 777.
[7] Dong Quanmin,Li Qingyun,Ma Yushou,et al. Effect of grazing intensity on biomass above ground and vegetation structure in summer alpine meadow [J]. Qinghai Prataculture,2002,11(2): 8-11. [董全民,李青云,马玉寿,等. 放牧强度对夏季高寒草甸生物量和植被结构的影响 [J]. 青海草业,2002,11(2): 8-11.]
[8] Wang Wenyin,Wang Qiji. The effect of grazing intensity on vegetation characteristics in Leymus chinens is grassland [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2001,10(3): 8-14. [王文颖,王启基. 高寒蒿草草甸退化生态系统植物群落结构及物种多样性的分析 [J]. 草业学报,2001,10(3): 8-14.]
[9] Wang Guohong,Ren Jizhou. Studies on the population diversity of plant community in Hexi ountain-oasis-desert area,Gansu,China: Impacts of grazing pressure on species diversity in steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2002,11(1): 31-37. [王国宏,任继周. 河西山地绿洲荒漠植物多样性研究: 放牧扰动下草地多样性的变化 [J]. 草业学报,2002,11(1): 31-37.]
[10] Liu Zhenguo,Li Zhenqing. Plant biodiversity of Aretemisia frigida communities on degraded grasslands under different grazing intensities after thirteen-year enclosure [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2006,26(2): 475-482. [刘振国,李镇清.退化草原冷蒿群落13 年不同放牧强度后的植物多样性 [J]. 生态学报,2006,26(2): 475-482.]
[11] Li Xiaobing,Chen Yunhao,Zhang Yunxia. Impact of climate change on desert steppe in northern China [J]. Advances in Earth Science,2002,17(2): 254-261.[李晓兵,陈云浩,张云霞. 气候变化对中国北方荒漠草原植被的影响 [J]. 地球科学进展,2002,17(2): 254-261.]
[12] Zhao Halin,Zhao Xueyong,Zhang Tonghui,et al. Desertification Processes and its Restoration Mechanisms in the Horqin Sand land [M]. Beijing: Ocean Press,2004. [赵哈林,赵学勇,张铜会,等. 科尔沁沙地沙漠化过程及其恢复重建机理[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社,2004.]
[13] Yang Dianlin,Han Guodong,Hu Yuegao. Effects of grazing intensity on plant diversity and aboveground biomass of Stipa baicalensis grassland [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,25(12): 1 470-1 475.[杨殿林,韩国栋,胡跃高. 放牧对贝加尔针茅草原群落植物多样性和生产力的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志,2006,25(12):1 470-1 475.]
[14] Liu Yin,Wang Deli,Wang Xu,et al. The effect of grazing intensity on vegetation characteristics in Leymus chinensis grassland [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2002,11(2):22-28.[刘颖,王德利,王旭,等. 放牧强度对羊草草地植被特征的影响 [J]. 草业学报,2002,11(2):22-28.]
[15] Stoppelaire G H D,Gillespie T W,Brock J C. Use of remote sensing techniques to determine the effects of grazing on vegetation cover and dune elevation at Assateague Island National Seashore: Impact of horses [J]. Environmental Management,2004,34(5):642-649.
[16] Braswell B H,Schimel D S,Linder E,et al. The response of global terrestrial ecosystems to interannual temperature variability [J]. Science,1997,238:870-872.
[17] Malo A R,Nicholson S E. A study of rainfall and vegetation dynamics in the African Sahel using normalized difference vegetation index [J]. Journal of Arid Environments,1990,19: 1-13.
[18] Ge Quansheng,Wang Fang,Chen Panqin,et al. Review on global change research [J]. Advances in Earth Science,2007,22(4): 417-427.[葛全胜,王芳,陈泮勤,等. 全球变化研究进展和趋势 [J]. 地球科学进展,2007,22(4): 417-427.]
/
〈 |
|
〉 |