Talus slopes are widely developed hillslope landforms accumulated by debris at the foot of escarpments. As the key area for understanding the alpine sediment cascade in basin-mountain systems, talus slopes contain abundant information on regional rock weathering rates and climate change. Based on geomorphological research of talus slopes in alpine periglacial areas worldwide, we summarized the developmental environment, geomorphic types, morphological characteristics, and sedimentary structures and rates. The key to understanding the geomorphological evolution of talus slopes lies in accurately judging their morphological characteristics and sedimentary processes. The deposition rate of talus slopes obtained by measuring key factors such as its thickness and volume using advanced technology allows to ascertain the weathering rate of regional alpine escarpments and deduce the evidence of regional paleoclimate changes. Future research on talus slopes in the dry denudated mountains in China needs to be conducted systematically and thoroughly with modern technology in terms of their type and distribution, sedimentary structure and evolution, and chronology to provide key evidence for determining the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of regional mountain weathering rates and paleoclimate changes in Asia.