Based on the data of 48 rock-soil profiles obtained from the ecological, geological survey of Daliang Mountain, the geological formation unit survey, soil type division, and geochemical element test, the spatial variation and distribution characteristics of four micronutrient elements, Cu, Zn, Mo, and B, in purple soil in a Mesozoic argillaceous rock geological formation zone in Xichang area were studied by geostatistics and GIS technology, The content characteristics of four nutrient elements under different influencing factors were discussed. The results show that
the four nutrient elements belong to medium intensity variation, and the Gaussian and exponential models can accurately reflect the spatial variation characteristics of the four nutrient elements in the study area;
the four nutrient elements are at a rich level. The high-value areas of Cu, Zn, and B nutrient elements are mainly distributed in the northeast—southwest belt zone of the study area; the Mo content is high in the whole area;
different geological conditions (altitude, stratum, lithology, and geological age) and vegetation cover types jointly restrict the content and spatial distribution characteristics of nutrient elements required for the growth of Cu, Zn, Mo, and B plants. In addition, the content characteristics of the four nutrient elements in the soil layer of the purple soil profile were also affected by human activities. These results can provide a reference for developing local agriculture and forestry and the rational utilization of land resources.