Advances in Earth Science ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 740-752. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2021.072

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Quantitative Research of Water Erosion on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Mengmei WEI( ),Suhua FU,Baoyuan LIU( )   

  1. Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2021-01-19 Revised:2021-06-02 Online:2021-07-10 Published:2021-08-20
  • Contact: Baoyuan LIU E-mail:1164052581@qq.com;baoyuan@bnu.edu.cn
  • About author:WEI Mengmei (1997-), female, Jining City, Shandong Province, Master student. Research areas include soil erosion and conservation. E-mail: 1164052581@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    the Second Comprehensive Scientific Research Project Investigation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau "Soil erosion and soil quality change"(2019QZKK0306)

Mengmei WEI,Suhua FU,Baoyuan LIU. Quantitative Research of Water Erosion on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2021, 36(7): 740-752.

Soil erosion is a serious ecological problem on the fragile ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Quantitative monitoring and evaluation of hydraulic erosion is the basis for ecological construction and soil and water conservation planning. In order to systematically grasp the current status of quantitative research on hydraulic erosion on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, 81 relevant papers were systematically collated on the basis of an extensive literature review. It was found that the quantitative evaluation methods on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau include three types based on slope erosion models, 137Cs nuclide tracing method, runoff plots and hydrological station observations, but in general the research is seriously and obviously insufficient. The two main types of slope erosion models are the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and the Chinese Soil Loss Equation (CSLE). The soil loss of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is >30, 1~8, <10, 0~109, and 2~3 t/(hm2?a) based on the RUSLE model, CSLE model, 137Cs nuclide tracing method, runoff plots monitoring, and hydrological station observation of small watersheds, respectively. After analyzing the quantitative study of soil erosion on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we find that there are four problems: there are problems in the selection of parameters in the model calculation; the reference value of the 137Cs nuclide tracer method is too uncertain; the monitoring data of runoff plots and small watersheds is extremely lacking; no regional evaluation results. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the automated monitoring of small watersheds in the community, the 137Cs reference value sampling test and comprehensive evaluation, and the 137Cs nuclide tracer method for soil erosion determination. Based on these two quantitative determinations, the soil erosion of the entire Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is quantitatively evaluated, serving the planning of water and soil conservation and the construction of ecological civilization.

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