The change of landscape pattern has an important influence on the ecosystem water purification service. In order to explore the influence mechanism of the landscape pattern on the water purification service， in this article we systematically sorted out and analyzed the domestic and foreign relevant literature. It is concluded that there are differences in the influence of landscape pattern on water purification service at different spatial and temporal scales； that is， the response of water purification service to landscape pattern has scale dependence. At the same scale， different terrain conditions and landscape matrix also make the impact of landscape pattern on water purification service show spatial heterogeneity. At the same time， there is a threshold effect between landscape pattern and water purification service， which makes decision makers need to consider various factors more comprehensively in optimizing landscape pattern and water quality protection. In the current research， the characteristic spatial scale of water purification service response to landscape pattern is unclear； the study of landscape configuration and spatial differentiation characteristics needs to be strengthened； threshold effect is not clear. In the future， it is necessary to carry out multi-level and multi-scale comparative research to explain the characteristic scale of landscape pattern and water purification service from different aspects. Developing the landscape pattern index which can represent the ecological process and strengthening the research on the influence of landscape configuration on water purification service will deepen the exploration of spatial differentiation characteristics under different influencing factors. Strengthen the exploration of threshold recognition method of water quality purification service to landscape pattern response， effectively determines the threshold， and provides decisions support for regional landscape pattern optimization and water environment management.