The concept of eutrophication of seawater and its impact on the ecosystem were briefly summarized. The commonly used evaluation methods in China for eutrophication of seawater were introduced, including single factor, eutrophication index, water quality index and nutritional status, etc. In recent years, the second generation of seawater eutrophication evaluation methods, including OSPAR (Oslo-Paris Convention) Assessment Tool and NEEA-ASSESSMENT (United States National Estuarine Eutrophication Assessment) and HELCOM (Helsinki Commission) Eutrophication Assessment Tool, has developed in the world, and the second generation method has had more refined evaluation standards, which provide some criterion to judge the eutrophication effects to the environment. The present situation of the application of seawater eutrophication evaluation method in our country at present stage was described, especially in the coastal and estuary areas, eutrophication degree of regional dividing was carried out, which aimed to put forward the application status and characteristics of various water eutrophication evaluation methods to provide references for the selection of eutrophication evaluation methods in different areas. Finally, the future prospects of the application of eutrophication assessment were put forward, and the guidance of the monitoring and management of water quality monitoring and the forecasting and defensing of marine eco-environmental disasters were presented.