This paper summarizes previous studies of coccolithophores laboratory culture with emphasis on the application of cultured coccolithophores in the ecology, paleoceanography and petroleum. Because of the particular biology and physiology characteristics, coccolithophorid bloom can influence marine and atmosphere environment deeply , play an important roal in global carbon cycle and geological evolution. In the aspect of culture, we introduce the cultural method, the influence of cocolithophores growth by setting different environment parameters, the principle of suitable culture meduim depending on different research purpose. In the aspect of application, firstly, this paper discusses the physiological responses of coccolithophorids about ocean acidification. Then, coccolithophorid is high producer of DMSP(dimethylsulphoniopropionate)which can be divides into gas DMS, which can influence marine and atmosphere environment deeply through some chemical course. Further, another important application is the element geochemistry of coccoliths which is very meaningful in paleoceanography and paleoclimatology study. Finally, this paper also discusses the application of coccolithophores hydrocarbon generation to petroleum geology.