This paper is an introduction to a new project of the national basic research program of China, “Upper Ocean Response Feedback Mechanisms to Typhoon”. The importance and necessity of this project, regarding the national interests, are discussed at the beginning. Then, the ocean typhoon interaction is proposed as a cutting-edge research topic, in terms of the physical mechanism, data assimilation method, and forecast technique. Latest research progresses are reviewed on the oceanic response and feedback to typhoon, the large scale interaction between the ocean and typhoon, the multi source ocean data assimilation related to typhoon, and typhoon forecast model. Finally, the key scientific questions and the major research contents are presented. bstract: This paper is an introduction to a new project of the national basic research program of China, “Upper Ocean Response and Feedback Mechanisms to Typhoon”. The importance and necessity of this project, regarding the national interests, are discussed at the beginning. Then, the ocean typhoon interaction is proposed as a cutting-edge research topic, in terms of the physical mechanism, data assimilation method, and forecast technique. Latest research progresses are reviewed on the oceanic response and feedback to typhoon, the large scale interaction between the ocean and typhoon, the multi source ocean data assimilation related to typhoon, and typhoon forecast model. Finally, the key scientific questions and the major research contents are presented.