As an important part of the sustainable use of marine biological resources, the high-value use of marine biological resources is one of the most effective and innovative areas in the world’s scientific and technological innovation. Using modern biotechnology, it will become an innovation and breakthrough in the sustainable use of the field of marine biological resources sustainable use to explore marine bio-based chemical resources, marine microbial genetic resources, marine food, marine drugs, marine functional products and marine biomass. The research status of high-value use of marine biological resources is analyzed, the deployment and progress of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) projects during the “Eleventh Five-Year-Plan” are presented, and the strategic thinking and scientific issues of its development  are  proposed.