Most Phosphorite is accompanied by high levels of radioactive elements uranium. By studying Uranium and Thorium migration during Phosphorite mining and processing in Tuojiang area, this paper did a preliminary identification of radioactive pollution in Tuojiang drainage basin. The result reveals that the Phosphorite mining and processing are the main causes of regionally high radioactive elements contents, which are reflected in relatively higher Uranium content in Phosphate fertilizer and Phosphorite except for Uraniumbearing Phosphorite in Sichuan province. During Phosphorite mining and processing, the radioactive elements (Uranium and Thorium) mainly migrate into the intermediate and final products. The impact of phosphogypsum dumping on periphery soil environment is unneglected with radioactive infiltration over 2 km in horizontal and 50 cm in vertical. On a certain extent, Phosphate mining and processing has produced radioactive environmental impact.