The paper make an analysis of the current water resources and ecological problem, summarizes the cause of the problem of water resources and ecological issues  in the Shiyang River Basin. Bases on evaluating the ecosystem structure and feature, calculates the water needing for lower reaches oases ecosystem is calculated. At the same times, the paper discusses the countermeasure and treatment for rehabilitating the degradation ecosystem, provides the new idea of building “society-economic-ecologic” comprehensive water save system. At last, it suggests that build a ecologic special district in Minqin county be built, which develops a new idea for the local development and ecologic protection.