According to the experimental data from satellites、jets and balloons, TGFs and high energy radiation relative to thunderstorms and lightning flashes can be classified into two categories: The short-duration events on the order of milliseconds are considered relative to lightning flashes; the long-duration events on the order of seconds or longer are considered relative to thunderstorms. An attempt was made to summarize the available experimental data、theoretical study and modeling effort, and some presently unsolved problems at present  were outlined. 