Based on the findings of the Sub-global Assessments Working Group—Ecosystems and Human Welling-Being: Multiscale Assessments, the following contributions of multiscale assessments can be identified: ① Ecosystem services are important for many dimensions of human well-being, some of which are best observed at sub-global scales；② The condition and trends of many ecosystem services, observed at multiple scales, are declining in many locations worldwide；③ Identifying effective response options that enhance human well-being and conserve ecosystem services requires consideration of drivers at different scales and involvement of actors at the appropriate scales；④ Local communities are not mere spectators, but active managers of the capacity of ecosystems to deliver services. In addition, the following lessons can be learned for future assessments: ① The MA conceptual framework served as a valuable tool and initial point of reference, but had to be adapted by some sub-global assessments；② Multiscale assessments provide significant benefits, but they pose process and analytical challenges, are resource-and time-intensive, and, depending on assessment goals, may not always be necessary；③ For success, a sub-global assessment requires understanding of the context, adequate resources, champions and actively engaged users, and a governance structure able to manage competing needs；④ It is necessary for future assessments to conduct many tradeoffs and considerations.