The atmospheric dust is one of the most important factors in the global climate changes. Its effects include the scatter and reflect of solar insolation, the supply to the Iron fertilizer to ocean, and its restrain to rain. The microparticles record in ice cores is an excellent proxy for atmospheric dust. Therefore，the processes involved in the evolution of vertical profiles of microparticle concentrations as well as their seasonal variation in surface snow were studied by weekly sampling a snow pit from September 2003 to September 2004 on Glacier No.1 in the eastern Tianshan. The development of the microparticle stratigraphy in the snow pit is closely related to the physical development of the snow-firn pack. The sampling site is located at 4130 m asl in the percolation zone of the glacier, and in addition to the effects of sublimation and wind erosion, melting plays a crucial role in both the physical and chemical evolution processes. During the winter season, aerosol concentrations in the surface layers are altered slightly by sublimation and wind erosion, and the concentrations are further modified as the wet season begins in late April. In contrast, aerosol stratigraphy in the deeper layers remains relatively unchanged through the winter. In early summer, as melting occurs in the upper part of the snow-firn pack, meltwater carries microparticles to different depths in the underlying snow-firn layers. At the end of the ablation season, all of the surface elements might be leached out from the upper layers.