Soil water content was observed continuously and automatically in Erlianhaote, Wulatezhongqi and Wuhai, northwestern Inner Mongolia, China for two years (2002-2003) in this paper. Based on the data, the temporal variation of soil water content was analyzed, which represented the characteristics of land surface. The effect on soil water content) influenced by atmosphere in different soil texture (Brown-calcium soil, Chestnut--calcium soil and Gray-desert soil) was compared. Seasonal variations of the soil water content were characterized into three stages, from thawing to active dust storm (spring), rainy (autumn) and snow cover (winter) period. The soil water content much depended on meteorology condition. By these observations, it became clear that the soil water content was the lowest in the beginning thaw period, and was the highest in the rainy season. Differences in soil water content among the years depended on the lowest in the whole thaw period meteorological conditions The soil water content was lowest during the soil melt period, the variations of Chestnut-calcium soil was obvious under meteorology condition. The dust emission much influenced by thaw time of soil, soil wetness and the thaw period and depth of frozen soil.