This paper illustrates briefly the scientific meaning, experiment scheme and scientific objectives of NWC-ALIEX (Land-atmosphere Interaction Experiment in Arid Region of Northwest China) that is supported by the National Key Programme for Basic Sciences, the Research on the Formation Mechanism and Prediction Theory of the Heavy Climate Disasters in China. Some of the research advances and achievements in recent years are summed up. Next, it presents us some important discoveries and new ideas of the Program on the surface radiation and the heat balance, the bulk transfer coefficients, the land surface process parameters, the parameterization of turbulent flux, the surface water recycle, the improvement on land surface model and simulating of the land surface process, etc. Finally, it gets down to discuss some problems existing in the experiment and raises several important scientific problems that need further research.