The difficulty is met in the explanation of continental deformation in Cenozoic by means of plate tectonics model, due to the existence of obvious diffuse plate boundary deformation zones with over thousands kilometers wide inside continents. Which gives birth to the new frontier of international earth science communitiescontinental dynamics, focusing on the deformation mechanism, evolution and dynamic process of the continental lithosphere. Many geophysical techniques including Deep Seismic Souding and Seismic Tomogrpahy have been applied widely to reveal the fine structure of lithosphere, indicating the prominent lateral heterogeneities of structure and composition within continental lithosphere. The heterogeneity of continental lithosphere derived from episodic superimposition and alternation of tectonothermal events during its long geological history, then again induces the thermalrheological structure of lateral heterogeneity and vertical stratification. Here we propose that the heterogeneity of lithospheric thermalrheological structure and tectonic inheritance are the controlling factors for intracontinental deformation. Kinematics and geodynamic modeling of continental deformation, along with thermalrheological structure of the continental lithosphere are all emphasized here for study in future.