The North Qilian Mountains are located between the Middle Qilian Qaidam Massif and the Alaskan Massif which is the west part of Sin korea Craton. It is one of the most typical continent orogenic belt in China. In this orogenic belt, there are rift volcanic rocks from Sinian to Middle Cambrain, ophiolites from late Cambrain to Ordovician, island arc volcanic rocks from middle to late Ordovician, extensional basin volcanic sedimentary rocks of late Ordovician, residual sea basin flysh of Silurian and Devonian molasse. The ophiolites, which mainly distribute in three belts, show similar geochemical characteristics( except for Dachadaban ophiolite), with the tendency of becoming younger from south to north. In Sunan Qilian region, the middle part of the North Qilian Mountains, two different Caledonian subductive complex belts, namely, the southern deep level subductive complex belt and the northern shallow level subductive complex belt, occur parallelly. The southern belt consists of trench olistostrome and graywacke, ophiolitic blocks,and rift volcanic rocks, etc., with some been transformed into eclogites and high grade blueschists by high pressure metamorphism and distributing as three tectonic slices in the deep level subductive complex belt. Deformation and metamorphic analysis suggest not only a clockwise, retrogressive P T t D path, but also a kinetic variation of plate movements from subduction to strike slip shear to upthrusting. The northern shallow level subductive complex belt consists of graywacke, ophiolite and low grade blueschists, mixed with some island arc volcanic rocks. The P T condition of low grade blueschists is 150～250℃, 0.4～0.7GPa, reflecting high pressure metamorphism at shallow level or anchi surface. The two complex belts were probably formed at different depth of the same subduction zone, and the characteristics of petrology, metamorphism and deformation reveal a tectonic evolution history of transition from rift to oceanization to subduction to arc continent collision to orogenesis.