DNA测序技术在底栖有孔虫监测中的研究进展
收稿日期: 2024-11-25
修回日期: 2025-02-10
网络出版日期: 2025-05-07
基金资助
浙江省海洋水产研究所科技计划项目(HYS-ZX-202410)
Review of DNA Sequencing Technology for Monitoring of Benthic Foraminifera
Received date: 2024-11-25
Revised date: 2025-02-10
Online published: 2025-05-07
Supported by
the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute(HYS-ZX-202410)
底栖有孔虫分布广泛、个体小、数量大、物种多样性高、生命周期短，在海洋沉积物中具有良好的保存潜力、并对环境变化具有较高的敏感性，是一种优良的海洋环境质量指示生物。传统的底栖有孔虫监测主要以形态学为主，该方法不仅费时费力，且难以发现一些个体小、丰度低的物种。基于DNA测序的调查方法以其高效、高灵敏度、环境友好等优势，为底栖有孔虫物种鉴定和群落多样性评估提供了新思路。综述了DNA测序技术在底栖有孔虫物种鉴定及分类、群落结构及多样性调查以及大型底栖有孔虫共生体研究等领域的研究进展；指出DNA测序技术在底栖有孔虫监测应用中存在缺乏标准化操作流程、参考数据库不完善、无法绝对定量底栖有孔虫丰度以及高估群落多样性等技术局限性。针对以上局限提出优化建议：制定一套规范统一的操作方案与流程、建立开放共享的底栖有孔虫参考数据库、与荧光定量PCR和eRNA测序技术结合等；未来还应加强基因测序技术的研发和创新，以充分挖掘DNA测序技术在底栖有孔虫监测中的应用潜力。
宋静文 , 李铁军 , 郭远明 , 乔玲 . DNA测序技术在底栖有孔虫监测中的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2025 , 40(3) : 303 -314 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2025.024
Benthic foraminifera are excellent indicators of marine environmental quality due to their wide distribution, small size and large abundance, high species diversity, short life cycle, good preservation potential in marine sediments, and high sensitivity to environmental changes. Traditional monitoring of benthic foraminifera is mainly based on morphology, but this process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and makes it difficult to detect some species with small individuals and low abundance. The investigation method based on DNA sequencing, with its advantages of high efficiency, high sensitivity, and environmentally friendly, provides a new way to identify benthic foraminifera species and assess community diversity. This paper reviews the progress of DNA sequencing technology in species identification and classification, community structure and diversity investigation, and identification of symbionts in large benthic foraminifera. As there are some technical limitations of DNA sequencing in benthic foraminifera monitoring, such as lack of standardized operation process, imperfection of reference databases, impossibility of absolute quantification of benthic foraminifera abundance, and overestimation of community diversity, optimization can be achieved by formulating a standardized and unified operation process, establishing an open and shared benthic foraminifera reference database, and combining the method with fluorescence quantitative PCR and environmental RNA sequencing technology. In the future, development and innovation of gene sequencing technology should be strengthened to explore the potential of DNA sequencing technology in benthic foraminifera monitoring in a detailed manner.
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