研究论文

19792022年三江源地区大气冻融指数时空变化特征分析

  • 倪杰 ,
  • 吴通华 ,
  • 张雪 ,
  • 朱小凡 ,
  • 陈杰 ,
  • 杜宜臻
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  • 1.枣庄学院 旅游与资源环境学院,山东 枣庄 277000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学与冻土工程重点实验室 青海藏北高原冰冻圈特殊环境与灾害 国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
倪杰,主要从事气候变化与冻土环境研究. E-mail: nijie8960@163.com
吴通华,主要从事冰冻圈变化研究. E-mail: thuawu@lzb.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2024-10-13

  修回日期: 2024-11-28

  网络出版日期: 2025-02-28

基金资助

中国科学院“西部之光”交叉团队项目—重点实验室合作研究专项(xbzg-zdsys-202304);甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6FA005)

Variation Characteristics of Air Freezing and Thawing Indices in the Three Rivers Source Region from 1979 to 2022

  • Jie NI ,
  • Tonghua WU ,
  • Xue ZHANG ,
  • Xiaofan ZHU ,
  • Jie CHEN ,
  • Yizhen DU
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  • 1.College of Tourism and Resources Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang Shandong 277000, China
    2.Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
NI Jie, research areas include climate change and permafrost environments. E-mail: nijie8960@163.com
WU Tonghua, research areas include the cryosphere and climate change. E-mail: thuawu@lzb.ac.cn

Received date: 2024-10-13

  Revised date: 2024-11-28

  Online published: 2025-02-28

Supported by

the “Western Light” Interdisciplinary Team Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(xbzg-zdsys-202304);The Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(22ZD6FA005)

摘要

三江源地区是我国重要的水源涵养地与生态保护区,揭示其冻融指数特征变化可为当地多年冻土环境评估以及应对气候变化提供科学依据。利用第三极地区地面气象要素驱动数据集TPMFD的逐日气温数据,通过大气冻融指数等方法分析了该地区1979—2022年大气冻融指数的时空变化特征。结果表明,近44年三江源地区大气冻结指数平均为1 930.23 ℃·d,在空间上呈现自西向东逐渐降低的特征;融化指数表现出相反的空间格局,平均值为879.25 ℃·d。总体来看,近44年三江源地区大气冻结指数以-10.01 ℃·d/a的速率呈波动减少趋势,且在2001年发生突变;融化指数以6.29 ℃·d/a的速度呈波动上升趋势,没有发生显著的突变。海拔作为关键影响因子,对三江源地区冻融指数表现出显著的相关性,海拔每升高100 m,研究区融化指数约减少87 ℃·d,冻结指数约增加107 ℃·d。

本文引用格式

倪杰 , 吴通华 , 张雪 , 朱小凡 , 陈杰 , 杜宜臻 . 19792022年三江源地区大气冻融指数时空变化特征分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2024 , 39(12) : 1299 -1310 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2024.095

Abstract

The Three Rivers Source Region (TRSR) is an important water source and ecological reserve in China, and analyzing the variation characteristics of its freeze-thaw index provides a scientific basis for assessing the local permafrost environment and its response to climate change. In this study, the temporal and spatial characteristics of the air freezing and thawing indices in the TRSR from 1979 to 2022 were analyzed using daily air temperature data from a high-resolution near-surface meteorological forcing dataset for the Third Pole region, applying the air freezing and thawing index and other methods. The results show that the mean freezing index in the TRSR over the past 44 years was 1 930.23 °C·d, exhibiting a spatial pattern of gradual decrease from west to east. By contrast, the thawing index displayed an opposite spatial pattern with an average value of 879.25 °C·d. Overall, the freezing index in the TRSR has shown a fluctuating downward trend at a rate of -10.01 °C·d/a over the past 44 years, with an abrupt change in 2001, whereas the thawing index has exhibited a fluctuating upward trend at a rate of 6.29 °C·d/a, with no significant abrupt change. Altitude, a key factor influencing freezing and thawing indices in the TRSR, showed significant correlations. For every 100 m increase in altitude, the thawing index decreased by approximately 87 °C·d, whereas the freezing index increased by approximately 107 °C·d.

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