地球科学进展

地球科学进展 >

2024 , Vol. 39 >Issue 12: 1211 - 1226

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2024.093

综述与评述

深空DSCOVR对地观测研究进展与展望

  • 宋婉娟 ,
  • 王力 ,
  • 许时光 ,
  • 黄妮 ,
  • 牛铮
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  • 1.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院，遥感与数字地球全国重点实验室，北京 100101
    2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
宋婉娟，主要从事植被遥感，植被结构参数遥感反演研究. E-mail：songwj@aircas.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2024-06-18

  修回日期: 2024-09-14

  网络出版日期: 2025-02-28

基金资助

中国科学院空天信息创新研究院科学与颠覆性技术项目(E2Z20201)

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Progress and Future Perspectives of Earth Observation from Deep Space: The Case of DSCOVR

  • Wanjuan SONG ,
  • Li WANG ,
  • Shiguang XU ,
  • Ni HUANG ,
  • Zheng NIU
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  • 1.Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
SONG Wanjuan, research areas include vegetation remote sensing, vegetation structure parameter remote sensing estimation. E-mail: songwj@aircas.ac.cn

Received date: 2024-06-18

  Revised date: 2024-09-14

  Online published: 2025-02-28

Supported by

the Science and Disruptive Technology Program, the Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(E2Z20201)

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摘要

深空探测作为人类探索宇宙奥秘和推动可持续发展的关键途径，已成为空间技术领域最活跃的战略前沿。经过数十年的发展，该技术已广泛应用于太阳系内各类天体的探测。2015年2月，首个以地球为目标的深空探测卫星——深空气象观测卫星（DSCOVR），在日地拉格朗日1点（L1）成功部署，为地球系统科学研究提供了新的视角和数据，同时也对传统卫星数据研究提出了新的挑战。综合分析了自深空气象观测卫星发射以来，美国国家航空航天局官方网站发布的100余篇相关论文和会议总结，从基础研究、应用研究到特色研究3个层面，对深空对地观测的发展现状、优势、未来发展及科学意义进行了综述。研究发现，深空气象观测卫星融合极轨—静止卫星具有高时频、全球覆盖的优势，可为多源数据联合使用提供基准，在多圈层宏观地球科学现象研究中潜力巨大，未来有望通过革新传感器、优化探测技术、丰富观测点位，实现全时相、全方位和全维度地球观测，助力全面认识地球系统变化规律。

关键词： 深空探测; 遥感; 对地观测; 深空气象观测卫星（DSCOVR）; 地表圈层

本文引用格式

宋婉娟 , 王力 , 许时光 , 黄妮 , 牛铮 . 深空DSCOVR对地观测研究进展与展望[J]. 地球科学进展, 2024 , 39(12) : 1211 -1226 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2024.093

Abstract

Deep-space exploration, which serves as a pivotal avenue for uncovering the mysteries of the universe and fostering sustainable development, has emerged as the foremost strategic frontier in space technology. After decades of development, this technology has been widely used to explore various celestial bodies in the solar system. In February 2015, the first deep-space exploration satellite targeting Earth, the Deep Space Observatory, was successfully deployed at the Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 1, providing new perspectives and data for the study of Earth system science while also introducing new challenges to traditional satellite data research. This study comprehensively analyzed more than 100 related papers and conference summaries published on the official website of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration since the launch of the Deep Space Observatory. From three perspectives—basic research, applied research, and specialized research—this paper reviews the development status, advantages, and future directions of deep-space Earth observation. The findings reveal that deep-space Earth observations can be integrated with existing satellite-aircraft-ground systems, establishing a benchmark for multisource data fusion to create globally comprehensive, high-temporal-frequency, and multispectral datasets for an integrated Earth observation system. This approach provides temporally consistent, spatially continuous, and spectrally stable global observational data, demonstrating significant potential for studying largescale geophysical phenomena across the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. Future advancements in sensor innovation, optimized detection technologies, and diverse observation points are expected to enable continuous, omnidirectional, and multidimensional Earth observations. These advancements will enhance our understanding of Earth's physical, chemical, and biological systems.

Key words： Deep space exploration; Remote sensing; Earth observation; DSCOVR; Earth sphere

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90 LU Z D， WANG J， CHEN X， et al. First mapping of monthly and diurnal climatology of Saharan dust layer height over the Atlantic Ocean from EPIC/DSCOVR in deep space［J］. Geophysical Research Letters， 2023， 50（5）. DOI： 10.1029/2022GL102552 .
91 VáRNAI T， KOSTINSKI A B， MARSHAK A. Deep space observations of Sun glints from marine ice clouds［J］. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters， 2020， 17（5）： 735-739.
92 LI J Z， FAN S T， KOPPARLA P， et al. Study of terrestrial glints based on DSCOVR observations［J］. Earth and Space Science， 2019， 6（1）： 166-173.
93 KOSTINSKI A， MARSHAK A， VáRNAI T. Deep space observations of terrestrial glitter［J］. Earth and Space Science， 2021， 8（2）. DOI： 10.1029/2020EA001521 .
94 VáRNAI T， MARSHAK A， KOSTINSKI A B. Deep space observations of cloud glints： spectral and seasonal dependence［J］. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters， 2020， 19. DOI： 10.1109/LGRS.2020.3040144 .
95 VáRNAI T， MARSHAK A， KOSTINSKI A. Operational detection of Sun glints in DSCOVR EPIC images［J］. Frontiers in Remote Sensing， 2021， 2. DOI： 10.3389/frsen.2021.777806 .
96 HERMAN J， WEN G Y， MARSHAK A， et al. Reduction in 317-780?nm radiance reflected from the sunlit Earth during the eclipse of 21 August 2017［J］. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques， 2018， 11（7）： 4 373-4 388.
97 WEN G Y， MARSHAK A， HERMAN J， et al. Reduction of spectral radiance reflectance during the annular solar eclipse of 21 June 2020 observed by EPIC［J］. Frontiers in Remote Sensing， 2022， 3. DOI： 10.3389/frsen.2022.777314 .
98 WEN G Y， MARSHAK A， TSAY S C， et al. Changes in the surface broadband shortwave radiation budget during the 2017 eclipse［J］. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics， 2020， 20（17）： 10 477-10 491.
99 ALBERS S， SALEEBY S M， KREIDENWEIS S， et al. A fast visible-wavelength 3D radiative transfer model for numerical weather prediction visualization and forward modeling［J］. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques， 2020， 13（6）： 3 235-3 261.
100 LOPEZ P. Forecasting the past： views of Earth from the Moon and beyond［J］. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society， 101（7）： E1190-E1200.
101 CARLSON B， LACIS A， COLOSE C， et al. Spectral signature of the biosphere： NISTAR finds it in our solar system from the Lagrangian L-1 point［J］. Geophysical Research Letters， 2019， 46（17/18）： 10 679-10 686.
102 LACIS A A， CARLSON B E， RUSSELL G L， et al. Unique NISTAR-based climate GCM diagnostics of the Earth’s planetary albedo and spectral absorption through longitudinal data slicing［J］. Frontiers in Remote Sensing， 2022， 3. DOI： 10.3389/frsen.2022.766917 .
103 YANG W D， MARSHAK A， VáRNAI T， et al. EPIC spectral observations of variability in Earth’s global reflectance［J］. Remote Sensing， 2018， 10（2）. DOI： 10.3390/rs10020254 .
104 WEN G Y， MARSHAK A， SONG W J， et al. A relationship between blue and near-IR global spectral reflectance and the response of global average reflectance to change in cloud cover observed from EPIC［J］. Earth and Space Science， 2019， 6（8）： 1 416-1 429.
105 JIANG J H， ZHAI A J， HERMAN J， et al. Using deep space climate observatory measurements to study the Earth as an exoplanet［J］. The Astronomical Journal， 2018， 156（1）. DOI： 10.3847/1538-3881/aac6e .
106 GU L X， ZENG Z C， FAN S T， et al. Earth as a proxy exoplanet： simulating DSCOVR/EPIC observations using the Earth spectrum simulator［J］. The Astronomical Journal， 2022， 163（6）. DOI： 10.3847/1538-3881/ac5e2e .
107 GU L X， FAN S T， LI J Z， et al. Earth as a proxy exoplanet： deconstructing and reconstructing spectrophotometric light curves［J］. The Astronomical Journal， 2021， 161（3）. DOI： 10.3847/1538-3881/abd54a .
108 AIZAWA M， KAWAHARA H， FAN S T. Global mapping of an exo-Earth using sparse modeling［J］. The Astrophysical Journal， 2020， 896（1）. DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/ab8d30 .
109 FAN S T， LI C， LI J Z， et al. Earth as an exoplanet： a two-dimensional alien map［J］. The Astrophysical Journal Letters， 2019， 882（1）. DOI： 10.3847/2041-8213/ab3a49 .
110 KAWAHARA H. Global mapping of the surface composition on an exo-Earth using color variability［J］. The Astrophysical Journal， 2020， 894（1）. DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/ab87a1 .
111 KAWAHARA H， MASUDA K. Bayesian dynamic mapping of an exo-Earth from photometric variability［J］. The Astrophysical Journal， 2020， 900（1）. DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/aba95e .
112 TEINTURIER L， VIEIRA N， JACQUET E， et al. Mapping the surface of partially cloudy exoplanets is hard［J］. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society， 2022， 511（1）： 440-447.
113 DAVIS A B， YANG Y K， MARSHAK A. EPIC/DSCOVR as a pathfinder in cloud remote sensing using differential oxygen absorption spectroscopy［J］. Frontiers in Remote Sensing， 2022， 3. DOI： 10.3389/frsen.2022.796273 .
114 GORKAVYI N， KROTKOV N， MARSHAK A. Earth observations from the Moon’s surface： dependence on lunar libration［J］. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques， 2023， 16（6）： 1 527-1 537.
115 GORKAVYI N， CARN S， DELAND M， et al. Earth imaging from the surface of the Moon with a DSCOVR/EPIC-type camera［J］. Frontiers in Remote Sensing， 2021， 2. DOI： 10.3389/frsen.2021.724074 .
116 SHANG H L， DING Y X， GUO H D， et al. Simulation of Earth’s outward radiative flux and its radiance in Moon-based view［J］. Remote Sensing， 2021， 13（13）. DOI： 10.3390/rs13132535 .
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