我国城市大气化石源CO2的14C示踪研究进展

周卫健; 吴书刚; 熊晓虎; 程鹏; 王鹏; 侯瑶瑶; 牛振川; 杜花; 陈宁; 卢雪峰; 付云翀; 刘林

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.079

地球科学进展 >

2020 , Vol. 35 >Issue 9: 881 - 889

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.079

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我国城市大气化石源CO₂的¹⁴C示踪研究进展

周卫健 ,
吴书刚 ,
熊晓虎 ,
程鹏 ,
王鹏 ,
侯瑶瑶 ,
牛振川 ,
杜花 ,
陈宁 ,
卢雪峰 ,
付云翀 ,
刘林

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^1.中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室，中国科学院第四纪科学与全球变化卓越创新中心，陕西西安 710061
^2.陕西省加速器质谱技术及应用重点实验室，西安加速器质谱中心，陕西西安 710061
^3.西安地球环境创新研究院，陕西西安 710061
^4.北京师范大学，北京 100875

周卫健（1953-），女，河南南乐人，研究员，中国科学院院士，主要从事宇宙成因核素的环境示踪研究. E-mail：weijian@loess.llqg.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2020-09-01

修回日期: 2020-09-08

网络出版日期: 2020-10-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金重点项目“14C示踪和数值模拟研究我国主要城市大气化石源CO2的时空分布与区域输送”(41730108);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目“放射性碳定量示踪城市大气化石源CO2的技术与应用研究”(2020JCW-18)

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Progress of Tracing Fossil Fuel CO₂ by Radiocarbon in Chinese Cities

Weijian Zhou ,
Shugang Wu ,
Xiaohu Xiong ,
Peng Cheng ,
Peng Wang ,
Yaoyao Hou ,
Zhenchuan Niu ,
Hua Du ,
Ning Chen ,
Xuefeng Lu ,
Yunchong Fu ,
Lin Liu

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^1.State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology，CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change，Institute of Earth Environment，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Xi'an 710061，China
^2.Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application，Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University，Xi'an 710061，China
^3.Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research，Xi'an 710061，China
^4.Beijing Normal University，Beijing 100875，China

Zhou Weijian (1953-), female, Nanle County， He‘nan Province, Professor, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Research areas include environmental tracing by cosmogenic nuclides. E-mail:weijian@loess.llqg.ac.cn

Received date: 2020-09-01

Revised date: 2020-09-08

Online published: 2020-10-28

Supported by

the National Science Foundation of China "The spatial-temporal distribution and regional transportation of fossil fuel CO2 using radiocarbon and model in main Chinese cities"(41730108);The Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi "Research on the technology and application of quantitative tracing of urban atmospheric fossil CO2 using radiocarbon"(2020JCW-18)

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摘要

化石燃料等排放是大气CO₂浓度增加的主要原因，而城市是碳排放研究的热点区域。获取化石源CO₂（CO₂_ff）的时空变化特征，可以为政府的宏观决策及参与国际碳减排谈判提供重要的科学数据。近十年来我国科技人员在运用¹⁴C示踪城市大气CO₂_ff的研究方面取得了一些重要进展：通过大气、树轮和一年生植物样品¹⁴C的分析，获得了不同时间尺度和空间尺度CO₂_ff的变化特征，发现北方城市是减排的重点。CO₂_ff与PM_2.5关系的研究表明，控制大气污染物可以同时降低CO₂_ff排放，存在减排的协同效应。WRF-CHEM模式模拟分析了关中地区CO₂_ff的传输，并结合Δ¹⁴CO₂和δ¹³C对CO₂_ff的来源进行解析，发现西安CO₂_ff主要来源于本地燃煤的排放。¹⁴C示踪获得的CO₂_ff浓度与统计的碳排放量变化趋势和幅度基本一致，可以相互校验，保证数据的可靠性。为此建议尽快建立我国城市大气Δ¹⁴CO₂观测网，投入更多的人力物力推进这项研究，服务于国家碳减排任务。

关键词： 化石源CO₂（CO₂_ff）; Δ¹⁴CO₂; 源解析; 碳减排

本文引用格式

周卫健 , 吴书刚 , 熊晓虎 , 程鹏 , 王鹏 , 侯瑶瑶 , 牛振川 , 杜花 , 陈宁 , 卢雪峰 , 付云翀 , 刘林 . 我国城市大气化石源CO₂的¹⁴C示踪研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020 , 35(9) : 881 -889 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.079

Abstract

The main cause of increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentration is the carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustions and so on. Cities are regarded as the hot spots of carbon emissions. On the basis of obtaining the levels and spatial-temporal variation characteristics of atmospheric fossil fuel CO₂ （CO₂_ff）， we can provide scientific data for government policy-making and international negotiations on carbon reductions. In the recent ten years， some important progresses have been achieved in the study of tracing urban atmospheric CO₂_ff using ¹⁴C by Chinese scientists. The variation characteristics of urban CO₂_ff at different temporal and spatial scales were obtained through the analysis of ¹⁴C in air， tree ring and annual plant samples. Our results show that the northern cities are the key points to reduce carbon emissions， and that the CO₂_ff emissions can be reduced simultaneously by controlling atmospheric pollutant emissions， indicating a synergistic emission reduction. It was found that CO₂_ff in Xi'an was mainly from local coal-burning emissions with the use of improved WRF-CHEM model and δ¹³C. Finally， the yearly CO₂_ff traced by tree-ring ¹⁴C in Xi'an showed similar trends and amplitudes with the statistical data of carbon emissions， which indicates that the ¹⁴C tracing method and statistical method can be mutually validated to ensure the reliability of the data. In order to promote the ¹⁴C trace study to serve the national carbon emission reduction task， we suggest that the urban atmospheric Δ¹⁴CO₂ observation network should be established as soon as possible， and that this study should be enhanced with more scientists involved in it and more financial resources to support it.

Key words： Fossil fuel CO₂ （CO₂_ff）; ¹⁴C tracing; Source apportionment; Carbon emission reduction

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