1982—2005年青藏高原降水再循环率的模拟研究
收稿日期: 2020-01-03
修回日期: 2020-02-26
网络出版日期: 2020-04-10
基金资助
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究专题“西风—季风协同作用及其影响”(2019QZKK010314);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“西风与季风相互作用和水资源变化”(XDA2006010202)
Simulation Study on Precipitation Recycling Ratio in the Tibetan Plateau from 1982 to 2005
Received date: 2020-01-03
Revised date: 2020-02-26
Online published: 2020-04-10
Supported by
the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program “Evolution and synergy of the westerly-monsoon”(2019QZKK010314);The Special Fund for Strategic Pilot Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences “Interaction of westerly and monsoon and its impacts on water resources”(XDA2006010202)
利用通用气候系统模式CCSM4的输出结果驱动区域气候模式WRF3.5版本进行动力降尺度模拟，评估了动力降尺度对青藏高原降水和蒸发的模拟能力，然后结合准熵平衡后向轨迹追踪法（QIBT）研究了CCSM4和WRF模拟的1982—2005年青藏高原降水再循环率的空间分布和季节变化特征，并给出了青藏高原不同土地覆盖类型的降水再循环率。结果表明：相比于驱动数据，动力降尺度模拟能更好地再现青藏高原降水和蒸发的空间分布特征；WRF模拟的青藏高原降水再循环率为32%，表明青藏高原降水主要来源于外部输送水汽的贡献，青藏高原南部流域表现出湿季低、干季高的季节变化特征，而青藏高原北部流域则表现出相反的季节变化特征；相比于驱动数据，WRF能够更精细地呈现青藏高原不同土地覆盖类型的空间分布特征，其中青藏高原草地、灌木和稀疏植被的降水再循环率较高。
张宏文 , 续昱 , 高艳红 . 1982—2005年青藏高原降水再循环率的模拟研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020 , 35(3) : 297 -307 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.027
A dynamical downscaling approach using a regional climate model WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model Vision 3.5) driven by a global climate model CCSM4 (The Community Climate System Model Version 4) was adopted, and the downscaling results for the historical period (1982-2005) were evaluated for annual mean precipitation rate and evaporation rate over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Furthermore, the spatial distribution and seasonal variation characteristics of Precipitation Recycling Ratio (PRR) simulated by CCSM4 and WRF were analyzed with the QIBT (Quasi-isentropic Back-trajectory method). The results show that the historical spatial distributions of annual mean precipitation rate and evaporation rate over the TP were found to better reproduce in the dynamical downscaling modeling compared to its coarse-resolution forcing. The PRR of the TP is 32% simulated by WRF, with a higher PRR in the wet season and a lower PRR in the dry season for the river basins in the northern TP, but the opposite seasonal variation was found for the river basins in the southern TP. In addition, the different land covers over the TP are more precisely represented in the WRF model, the PRR of grassland, shrubland and sparsely vegetation is higher than that of other land cover types.
Key words： Tibetan Plateau; Precipitation recycling ratio; Dynamic downscaling; CCSM; WRF.
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