收稿日期: 2019-11-10
修回日期: 2019-11-29
网络出版日期: 2020-02-12
The Geochemical Significance of Deep-water Coral and Their Food Source
Received date: 2019-11-10
Revised date: 2019-11-29
Online published: 2020-02-12
深水珊瑚生存在黑暗的冷水环境中，为其提供能量和营养的食物源于哪里，是一个关键的生态学和生物地球化学问题。目前的主流认识是珊瑚的食物主要来自于表层海水生产的沉降有机质，但越来越多的研究发现它们能够通过与多种化能自养和异养微生物共生来获得食物供给。深水珊瑚的碳、氮同位素可用来示踪和揭示珊瑚的食物来源，也可用于重建古海洋初级生产者构成和表层海水硝酸盐同位素的变化，成为古海洋生物地球化学研究的宝贵材料。但由于与微生物共生现象的广泛存在，运用深水珊瑚有机碳、氮同位素来反映表层海洋环境变化的可靠性还有待进一步验证。南海近年来发现的深水柳珊瑚林，在国际上仍属认识相对匮乏的新领域，对其开展生物化学基础和古海洋学重建研究，能够为了解深水珊瑚系统提供新的见解。
罗中原 , 李江涛 , 贾国东 . 深水珊瑚的食物及其地球化学意义[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019 , 34(12) : 1234 -1242 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.12.1234
Deep-sea corals live in the dark cold-water environments, the food of which that provides them with energy and nutrition is a key ecological and biogeochemical problem. Currently, the most common understanding is that their food mainly comes from organic matter produced by and deposited from surface seawater. However, more and more studies have found that they can also obtain food supply through symbiosis with a variety of chemosynthetic autotrophs and heterotrophs. Carbon and nitrogen isotopes have been used to trace and reveal the food sources of deep-sea corals. They also have been successfully used to reconstruct the phytoplankton community structure and the changes of nitrate isotopes in surface seawater in the past, thus providing valuable biogeochemical data for paleoceanographic study. However, due to the widespread existence of symbiosis with chemosynthetic autotrophs, further studies are needed to assess the reliability of organic carbon and nitrogen isotopes of deep-sea corals to reflect changes in the surface seawater. The deep-sea gorgonian coral, like those gorgonian forests recently found in the South China Sea, is relatively new and insufficiently studied in the field of deep-sea corals. Thus, basic biochemical and paleoceanographic researches on the South China Sea deep-water gorgonians will provide profound and novel insights to understanding the cold-water coral system.
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