水资源是生态环境与社会经济发展之间的焦点和枢纽，流域是水文水资源研究的基本单元，在流域尺度上开展综合集成的水文水资源研究是当前水科学研究的热点。我国西北地区的黑河流域是国内第二大内陆河流域，由于其独特的水文与地理特性成为流域科学研究的重点流域之一。基于Web of Science核心合集数据库，从学科发展与问题聚焦相结合、时间演化与空间变化相结合的全新视角评价我国黑河流域研究取得的科学进展，并与世界其他流域科学研究进行对比分析。结果显示，黑河流域研究在遥感、蒸散发、水循环、干旱区水资源管理与利用、气候变化等方面的研究为流域科学相关研究做出了积极贡献。近30年来，特别是国家自然科学基金重大研究计划“黑河流域生态—水文过程集成研究”的实施和黑河生态水文遥感等大型野外观测试验的开展大力推进了黑河流域科学研究，黑河流域研究论文的数量在世界流域科学研究中的排名已经进入前20位。基于文献计量的数据挖掘和对比研究可以为流域科学研究提供借鉴。

Water resource is the focus and hinge between ecological environment and socio-economic development. Watershed is the basic unit of hydrology and water resource studies. It is the current hotspot in water science research to carry out the integrated research of the hydrology and water resource at the watershed scale. The Heihe River Basin is the second largest inland river basin in northwestern China, which becomes one of the hot watersheds for its unique hydrological and geographical characteristics. Based on the Web of Science Core Collection, the scientific advances achieved in the Heihe River Basin were estimated from the new sight by combining disciplinary development and problem focus, time evolution and spatial variations. The results indicated that the Heihe River Basin has made positive contribution to the world science in remote sensing, evapotranspiration, water cycle, water resources management and utilization, and climate change research in arid areas. The great achievements has promoted the Heihe River Basin up to the same levels as the international typical basins in the past 30 years, especially after the performances of the major research program entitled “Integrated Study of Eco-hydrological Processes in the Heihe River Basin” (referred to as “Heihe River Program”) supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and large field observation experiments. The number of published articles has ranked the top 20 in the global watershed science research. Some important scientific achievements have been obtained at the mechanisms of eco-hydrological processes in inland river basins, which can actively serve the decision making of the water resource management and sustainable development in the Heihe River Basin. The data mining and contrastive study based on bibliometrics can afford scientific reference for the watershed science research.