作者简介:王汝建(1959-),男,云南昆明人,教授,主要从事极地古海洋与古气候学研究.E-mail:rjwang@tongji.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2017-10-16
修回日期: 2017-11-25
网络出版日期: 2018-03-06
基金资助
*国家自然科学基金项目“南极罗斯海扇区晚第四纪的古海洋与古气候演变历史及其对全球气候变化的响应”(编号:41776191)和“重建晚第四纪冰期—间冰期西北冰洋筏冰输运和表层洋流演变历史”(编号:41776187)资助.
版权
Geological Drilling in Polar Regions: Progress and Perspectives
First author:Wang Rujian(1959-), male, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, Professor. Research areas include polar paleoceanography and paleoclimate.E-mail:rjwang@tongji.edu.cn
Received date: 2017-10-16
Revised date: 2017-11-25
Online published: 2018-03-06
Supported by
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foudation of China“Late Quaternary paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic evolutionary histories in the Antarctic Ross Sea and their responses to global climate change”(No.41776191) and “Reconstructions of late Quaternary glacial-interglacial ice rafting and surface circulation changes in the Western Arctic Ocean”(No.41776187).
Copyright
南北极在全球海平面变化和碳循环中扮演着关键角色,并蕴藏着地球如何从新生代初期的温室转向现代冰室演变过程的关键信息,因而成为地球科学研究的热点地区。极地地质钻探计划(如DSDP/ODP/IODP/ICDP)研究所取得的成就令人瞩目,刷新了人类对过去全球变化的认识,成为探究地球气候系统演化的一个窗口。通过这些钻探计划,发现了新生代以来气候变冷,南北极冰盖几乎同时形成;揭示了南极冰盖形成和陆地风化的加剧,导致南极中深层水和底层水的生产加速并向北推进,造成全球大洋环流的重大变化;南大洋对大气CO2的调控作用、全球大洋深部循环、营养盐的分布和海洋生产力等多方面在不同时间尺度上都发挥着重要作用;检验了南北极冰盖形成和消融与海平面变化的关系,为人类预测未来海平面变化提供了历史依据。未来的南北极国际大洋发现(IODP)计划将继续关注于极地冰盖的演变历史、南大洋古海洋学演变历史,追踪北极海—陆环境的联系及其对全球气候的影响。这些结果将对未来全球气候预测提供重要的参考和边界条件。
王汝建 , 肖文申 , 章陶亮 , 聂森艳 . 极地地质钻探研究进展与展望[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017 , 32(12) : 1236 -1244 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.12.1236
The Antarctic and the Arctic regions play a key role in global sea level change and carbon cycle, and reserve key information of the Cenozoic transition from a green-house to an ice-house Earth. They have become hot spots in earth science studies. The geological drilling projects in both polar regions (e.g., DSDP/ODP/IODP/ICDP) have achieved remarkable successes, which have freshened the knowledge of global environmental and climatic evolution. Along with the Cenozoic global cooling, the timing of glaciation was almost synchronous on both the Antarctic and the Arctic. Accompanied with the Antarctic ice sheet build-up and increased terrestrial weathering, the enhanced formation of Antarctic Bottom Water exerts significant impact on global ocean circulation. The volume of unstable West Antarctic Ice Sheet fluctuates during glacial-interglacial periods showing 40 ka obliquity cycles, its volume significantly reduced or collapsed during several peak interglacials or long warm intervals. The Southern Ocean plays a significant role modulating atmospheric CO2 concentration, global deep water circulation and nutrient distribution, productivity at different time scales. Sea level responses to the waxing and waning of polar ice sheets at different time intervals were tested, which provide valuable clue for predicting future sea level changes. The upcoming IODP drilling projects on polar regions will keep focusing on the high latitude ice sheet development, Southern Ocean paleoceanographic evolution, land-ocean linkages in the Arctic, and the impacts on the global climate, which will provide important boundary conditions for predicting global future climate evolution.
Key words： Antarctic and Arctic; Ice sheet; Cenozoic climate evolution; IODP.
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