作者简介:王大伟(1976-),男,黑龙江绥化人,副研究员,主要从事地震沉积学、深水油气和海洋地质灾害研究.E-mail:wangdawei@idsse.ac.cn
收稿日期: 2017-09-30
修回日期: 2017-12-25
网络出版日期: 2018-03-06
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目“琼东南盆地深水重力流沉积旋回演化规律与形成机理”(编号:41576049)和“南海珠江口外海底峡谷内底形沉积结构与形成机理”(编号:41666002)资助
版权
The Research Progress of Turbidity Currents and Related Deep-water Bedforms
First author:Wang Dawei(1976-), male, Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province, Associate professor. Research areas include marine geophysics, submarine geohazard.E-mail:wangdawei@idsse.ac.cn
Received date: 2017-09-30
Revised date: 2017-12-25
Online published: 2018-03-06
Supported by
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Evolution and mechanism of deep-water gravity flow sediment cycles in the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea” (No.41576049) and “Sedimentary architecture and mechanism of bedforms within submarine canyon out of the Pear River Estuary, South China Sea” (No.41666002)
Copyright
从19世纪发现海底浊流现象开始,这一重要的深水沉积过程就引起了地学界的广泛关注。研究发现深水浊流成因的周期阶坎等超临界流底形广泛分布于海底,且与鲍马定义的浊积岩序列有着密切联系。由于浊流事件的不可预测、破坏力强,直接观测设备和技术也比较匮乏,造成对浊流事件进行直接海底观测的工作较少。总结了国内外浊流及其相关底形的研究成果,对浊流分类、底形的形成与演化进行了讨论,列举了国内外几个典型深水区浊流及其相关超临界流底形的研究案例,包括实验、数值模拟和深水底形研究,详细介绍了周期阶坎这一主要的超临界流底形,讨论了周期阶坎的形成与演化过程及其与鲍马序列的对应关系。最后,对浊流及其相关的超临界流底形研究进行了展望。
王大伟 , 白宏新 , 吴时国 . 浊流及其相关的深水底形研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018 , 33(1) : 52 -65 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.01.0052
Since turbidity current was reported in the 19th century, its flow dynamics, depositional processes and products have drawn much attention of geoscience community. In the last decades, with the help of rapid development of geophysical technology in deep-water areas, superficial bedforms formed by turbidity currents like cyclic steps have been widely documented on the seafloor, and they have been interpreted to be closely related to turbidite facies defined by the Bouma sequence. However, there is still a lack of direct observation on turbidity currents due to difficulties in the design and deployment of flow-measuring instruments under the sea. Such difficulties also result in much uncertainties in the explanations for the formation of bedforms and related flow processes. This paper summarized and discussed current research status of turbidity-currents classification, the formation and evolution of bedforms. Examples of supercritical-bedform studies using various methods such as experiments, numerical simulation, bathymetric data and seismic data, were shown in this paper. As one of main supercritical flow bedforms, cyclic steps were described in detail in this paper, including its formation, evolution and relationship with Bouma sequence. The variations in initial bed morphology and hydrodynamic parameters are responsible for the changes in the shapes of bedforms. Turbidites formed under different hydrodynamic conditions correspond to different units of Bouma sequence. Not all turbidity events can form a complete Bouma sequence. Therefore, traditional Bouma sequence cannot be applied to all turbidite studies. A more complete turbidite facies model must be established through studies from modern deep-sea sediments, outcrops, physical and numerical simulations. Additionally, turbidity currents and related supercritical bedforms are receiving more and more attention. They are important components of understanding the dynamic evolution of deep-water continental slope. The study of cyclic steps and other bedforms related to turbidity currents not only helps to characterize flow dynamics, but also provides a theoretical basis for the research of turbidite reservoirs. Finally, we proposed future research directions of turbidity currents and their related supercritical bedforms.
Key words： Deep-water; Turbidity currents; Bedform; Cyclic steps; Bouma sequence.
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