空间结构分析是景观生态学研究的重要内容和基本特色之一。讨论了景观生态系统的空间结构概念,提出斑、廊、基、缘是空间结构的四个主要元素。认为对景观生态系统空间结构的分析,可以分三个不同的等级层次进行,一是宏观尺度的整体空间构架;二是中观尺度几种典型的空间组合型;三是空间元素的基本形态特征。进而设计出景观生态系统空间指标体系简要框架。最后以冀西北涿鹿盆地区为例,进行了案例实践。

Landscape Spatial Structure, generally refer to its spatial pattern, is an arrangement of various landscape elements which have different sizes and shapes. It presents the landscape heterogeneity, and is the consequence of various ecological processes on different scales. The contemporary ecological and environmental problems demand systematic recognition about the larger area units and their spatial heterogeneity. In Landscape Ecology, the studies on ecological functions at landscape scale are based on the assumption that the spatial arrangement of landscape elements has special implications.
The paper measures the spatial pattern of landscape ecosystem with some landscape structure index that are put forward by other scholars, and the study bases on the remote sensing and GIS technology.Furthermore, the characteristics of Zhuolu Area are analyzed. The author considers that this study is not only useful to the regional practice, but also to the development of Landscape Ecology in China.