介质的光散射在许多科学和工程领域中, 如光学、电磁学、工程物理、天体物理、大气科学、海洋学、生态学、生物物理学等都有重要的应用。由于其重要性、复杂性和困难性, 非球形粒子光散射已成为国际上光散射理论研究的焦点和前沿课题。就粒子光散射, 特别是非球形粒子光散射的计算方法及其研究进展进行扼要综述。首先, 从光散射的理论基础出发, 指出过去广泛应用的球形粒子光散射LorenzMie理论的局限性, 从粒子非球形性对散射模式影响的本质, 讨论球形粒子LorenzMie散射与非球形粒子光散射的不等效性。在此基础上扼要地阐述了现代非球形粒子光散射计算研究的进展, 包括精确的理论解法、一些重要的数值技术以及2个重要的近似解法, 即光学软粒子近似和几何光学近似。并指出, 近年来为了表示自然界中近于层状和更复杂粒子的光散射特性, 层状粒子模型和扩展边界条件法（EBCM）正在成为热门的研究领域, 是2个值得注意的发展动向。最后, 简要地讨论了非球形粒子光散射计算研究所面临的挑战及其未来的发展方向。

Electromagnetic scattering by particles is a field of active research with high relevance for such diverse fields as atmospheric science, oceanography, astronomy, and engineering sciences, with specific applications in remote sensing, ecological environment, ocean optics, climate research, scattering by interplanetary dust grains, bio-optical imaging, antenna theory, particle sizing technology, and coating technology. Since its importance, complexity and difficulty, light scattering by nonspherical particles has become an international focus and frontiers of light scattering research and made a lot of studies. In the paper, some basic and important problems on light scattering calculations by nonspherical particles are briefly discussed and summarized. Based on the theoretical foundation of light scattering, the limitations of LorenzMie theory of spherical particles which have been widely used since the 1950 s are pointed out first. From the nature of the impact of nonsphericity of particles on scattering model, the nonequivalence of both the LorenzMie scattering by spherical particles and the light scattering by nonspherical particles is further discussed. Then, the research progresses of modern light scattering calculations by nonspherical particles are expounded and discussed, including accurate theoretical methods, some important numerical methods and two approximation algorithms, namely the approximations by optically soft particles and geometric optics approximation. We also point out that in order to express the light scattering characteristics by quasilayered and more complex particles in nature, the layered particle model and EBCM（Extended Boundary Condition Method）are becoming a hot research field in recent years, which are two noteworthy development trends. Finally, the challenge of the research on light scattering calculation methods by nonspherical particles and the future developments are briefly discussed.