综述与评述

多年冻土区天然气水合物研究综述

  • 吴青柏 ,
  • 程国栋
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  • 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
吴青柏(1964-),男,江苏常州人,研究员,主要从事冻土工程与环境和多年冻土区天然气水合物研究.E-mail:qbwu@lzb.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2007-09-30

  修回日期: 2007-12-20

  网络出版日期: 2008-02-10

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目“青藏高原多年冻土区天然气水合物的形成条件探讨”(编号:40471024);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所创新项目“多年冻土区天然气水合物形成条件研究”资助.

Understanding of Research Fundamental on Natural Gas Hydrate in Permafrost Regions

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  • State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000,China

Received date: 2007-09-30

  Revised date: 2007-12-20

  Online published: 2008-02-10

摘要

由于多年冻土区天然气水合物的潜在资源价值和对气候、环境的影响,各国纷纷开展了大量的研究,取得了很好的研究进展。本文主要分析了天然气水合物与多年冻土间的关系、多年冻土区天然气水合物的蕴藏情况以及典型多年冻土区天然气水合物研究现状。其结果表明多年冻土控制了天然气水合物形成的温压条件,且在多年冻土层间发现具自保护效应的天然气水合物。同时多年冻土可影响分散性土体中游离气体的聚集和迁移,多年冻土融化可提高孔隙水压力。目前多年冻土区天然气水合物的蕴藏情况的估算并不完整,各国仅对典型多年冻土区天然气水合物储量进行了初步的估算。天然气水合物储量估算结果表明,在美国阿拉斯加地区大约为1.0×1012~1.2×1012 m3,加拿大马更些三角洲Beaufort海地区大约为1.6×1013 m3,俄罗斯西西伯利亚盆地250 m深度范围内可达1.7×1013 m3。我国青藏高原多年冻土区亟待搞清天然气水合物存在与否的直接证据和储量估算等关键问题。

本文引用格式

吴青柏 , 程国栋 . 多年冻土区天然气水合物研究综述[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008 , 23(2) : 111 -119 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.02.0111

Abstract

Because of the latent energy prospect and its impacts to the climate and the environment, many countries began the studies on natural gas hydrate in permafrost regions and achieved great research progresses subsequently. The relations between natural gas hydrate and permafrost are explained in this paper, as well as the reserves of natural gas hydrate in permafrost regions and the present research situations of natrual gas hydrate in representative permafrost regions. The results indicated that the formation conditions of natural gas hydrate such as temperature and pressure were restricted by permafrost; and the natrual gas hydrate with self-preservation was discovered inside the permafrost layer. The accumulation and transfer of free gas in sediment were influenced by permafrost;and besides, the thawing of permafrost can raise the pore pressure. The present estimations of the natural gas hydrate reserves in permafrost regions were not integral or all-around which were only made in some representative permafrost regions. The estimation showed that the natural gas hydrate reserves in Northslope in Alaska, US were about 1.0×1012~1.2×1012 m3, about 1.6×1013 m3 in Beaufort, Makenzie Delta, and about 1.7×1013 m3 above 250 m depth in west Siberia. The existence of natural gas hydrate in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is an important issue which demands prompt understanding.

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