生物喀斯特及其微形态研究

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1995.05.0457

地球科学进展 ›› 1995, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (5): 457 -463. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1995.05.0457

生物喀斯特及其微形态研究

张捷,包浩生

南京大学大地海洋科学系南京 210093

收稿日期:1994-09-05 修回日期:1994-11-22 出版日期:1995-10-01
通讯作者: 张捷
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“现代生物喀斯特侵蚀营力的研究”(编号:491091002)资助.

ON BIOKARST AND ITS MICROMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Zhang Jie,Bao Haosheng

Department of Geography,Nanjing University,Nanjing 2100093

Received:1994-09-05 Revised:1994-11-22 Online:1995-10-01 Published:1995-10-01

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生物喀斯特是由生物作用和岩石的可溶性共同作用形成的特殊形态及其过程。本文在回顾和讨论了生物喀斯特的产生、定义、概念及其研究内容后，着重讨论了生物喀斯特微形态研究的概念、意义和研究方法，指出了生物喀斯特微形态研究是具有独特研究对象和方法以及重要理论实践意义的研究体系，提出了生物喀斯特微形态学的概念。

关键词: 生物喀斯特, 微形态, 生物喀斯特微形态学

    Biokarst is a new area in Karst geomorphological research. Biokarst research covers biokarst phenomena and the associated characteristics,i. e. ,the character of its relieves ,its space distribution, geomorphogenic significances and the mechanisms of developing processes. The main areas of biokarst research are the followings:①On morphological approach to biokarst erosion, including types and geometric character of the relieves' the types of the organisms and their effects as well as distribution of organism on karst rocks, the relationship between relief and substrate;and the differences of erosional relief in various environments as well as the distribution of certain typical erosional relieves;② On the mechanisms and the processes of biokarst erosion;③On biokarst depositional forms, including microrelieves and fabrics;④On mechanism and processes of biokarst deposition.
    At present, the effective method for research of microrelieves is mainly observation. There are several types of observation as follows:①Systematic observation, ②Comparing observation,③Temporal observation,④Modelling observation.
    In conclusion, the study on micro relieves of biokarst is a special reserach system with its own characteristic objects and methodology as well as practical significance. The characteristics of its objects includes:①The scale emphasized in micro type,②The research objects including the organisms and the substrate as well as the products of its effect,which emphasized biological view,③The objects including some characteristic erosional phenominon in micro scales which differ to that in normal scale,e. g. some minerals like feldspar and quartz etc. may reserve some solutional pit in micro scale by bio-effects while in normal scale they are not soluble. It can be termed the "micromorphology of biokarst" for the system of the research on microrelieves of biokarst.

Key words: Biokarst, Micromorphology, Micromorphology of biokarst.

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