地球科学进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 469 -481. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2026.040   cstr: 32269.14.adearth.CN62-1091/P.2026.040

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

土地类型研究述评与展望
胡毅1,2(), 姜朋辉3,4, 李满春1,2()   
  1. 1.南京大学 地理与海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210023
    2.江苏省遥感地理信息新技术重点实验室,南京大学,江苏 南京 210023
    3.南京农业大学 公共管理学院,江苏 南京 210095
    4.中国资源环境与发展研究院,南京农业大学,江苏 南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-31 修回日期:2026-04-25 出版日期:2026-05-10
  • 通讯作者: 李满春 E-mail:dg21270015@smail.nju.edu.cn;limanchun@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230113)

Commentary and Prospect on Land Types

Yi Hu1,2(), Penghui Jiang3,4, Manchun Li1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    2.Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    3.College of Public Administration, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
    4.China Resources & Environment and Development Academy (REDA), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2026-03-31 Revised:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-10 Published:2026-07-22
  • Contact: Manchun Li E-mail:dg21270015@smail.nju.edu.cn;limanchun@nju.edu.cn
  • About author:Hu Yi, research areas include land type and territorial spatial planning. E-mail: dg21270015@smail.nju.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42230113)

土地类型研究是科学认识国土空间本底特征的重要基础。通过回顾土地类型研究的发展历程,辨析不同学术流派的理论特征及其学术影响,从土地类型划分、制图和应用3个方面归纳研究进展,并结合技术演进和实践需求展望未来发展方向。现有研究表明,土地类型划分已从早期依赖专家经验的模式,逐步转向多源数据融合与机器学习驱动的智能化划分。土地类型制图脱离了传统手工描绘、纸图编绘的路径,进入数字化空间信息处理阶段。土地类型的应用场景不断拓展,从最初的土地资源调查和农业开发,逐步延伸到国土空间规划、生态环境治理以及可持续发展等领域。未来应重点加强多源地理信息融合,构建多尺度土地类型划分体系与方法;发展适用于数字化表达的土地类型可视化制图技术;深化土地类型在全域全要素国土空间优化中的应用。研究成果可为土地类型的多尺度划分、数字化制图及智能化应用提供参考,为完善土地类型研究的理论体系与落实国土空间治理实践提供支撑。

Land type provides a fundamental basis for understanding the spatial heterogeneity of territorial space. The evolution of land type research is reviewed by examining the theoretical perspectives of different academic schools and synthesizing advances in land type classification, mapping, and application. Building on recent technological developments and practical demands, future research priorities are further discussed. Existing studies indicate that land type classification has evolved from expert knowledge-based approaches toward intelligent methods supported by multi-source geospatial data and machine learning, leading to substantial improvements in classification accuracy and efficiency. Meanwhile, land type mapping has progressed from traditional manual cartography to digital spatial information processing, enabling more effective visualization and representation of spatial information. The application of land type has also expanded beyond land resource surveys and agricultural development to territorial spatial planning, ecological restoration, environmental governance, and sustainable development. Future efforts should focus on improving multi-source geospatial data integration, developing multi-scale land type classification frameworks, advancing visualization techniques for digital land type mapping, and strengthening the application of land type in comprehensive territorial spatial optimization. These advances are expected to provide methodological support for multi-scale land type classification, digital mapping, and intelligent applications, while further promoting the development of both the theoretical foundation and practical implementation of land type research.

中图分类号: 

图1 土地类型研究框架及进展
Fig. 1 Research framework and progress of land types
表1 不同国家土地类型分级体系比较
Table 1 Comparison of land type hierarchies in different countries
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