地球科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 79 -87. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.009

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

边界断裂时空差异演化对断陷盆地的控制作用——以松辽盆地南部伏龙泉断陷为例
刘玉虎 1( ),曹春辉 2,李瑞磊 1,朱建峰 1,徐文 1,黄兰 1,栾颖 1   
  1. 1.中国石油化工股份有限公司东北油气分公司,吉林 长春 130062
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-25 修回日期:2019-12-28 出版日期:2020-01-20
  • 基金资助:
    中国石化科技项目“松南断陷有效储层形成机理及评价预测技术”(P18060-5)

The Control of the Spatial and Temporal Differential Evolution of Boundary Faults on Faulted Basins

Yuhu Liu 1( ),Chunhui Cao 2,Ruilei Li 1,Jianfeng Zhu 1,Wen Xu 1,Lan Huang 1,Ying Luan 1   

  1. 1.Northeast Oil and Gas Branch,Sinopec,Changchun 130062,China
    2.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2019-11-25 Revised:2019-12-28 Online:2020-01-20 Published:2020-02-27
  • About author:Liu Yuhu (1986-), male, Qingyang City, Gansu Province, Senior Engineer. Research areas include structural analysis and petroleum geology research of petroliferous basin. E-mail: liuyuhu2008@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the Sinopec Science and Technology Project "Effective reservoir formation mechanism and evaluation and prediction technology of Songnan fault depression"(P18060-5)

断陷盆地边界断裂普遍具有分段生长特点, 定量表征断层的生长过程及组合模式对盆地形成演化及油气成藏研究具有重要意义。以松辽盆地南部伏龙泉断陷为例,应用三维地震资料,采用断层—位移长度分析方法,对边界断层分段生长与演化过程进行了系统研究,分析了边界断裂时空差异演化对断陷盆地的控制作用。研究表明:伏龙泉断陷边界断裂分段生长控制形成了串联式半地堑;沙河子至营城期断裂差异演化控制沉积中心由南向北迁移;反转期边界断裂逆冲形成断展背斜,逆冲活动强弱控制了背斜圈闭的构造幅度高低;边界断裂性质的转化,相应控制了盆地构造格局由同期串联式半地堑向断展背斜带的演变。

The boundary faults of faulted basins generally have segmental growth characteristics. Quantitative analysis of fault growth processes and combined models is of great significance for basin formation and evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation. Taking the Fulongquan fault depression in the southern part of the Songliao Basin as an example, using the 3D seismic data and using the fault-displacement length analysis method, the segmental growth and evolution process of the boundary fault is systematically studied, and the control effect of the spatial and temporal differential evolution of boundary faults on faulted basins is analyzed. The study shows that the segmental growth control of the boundary fault of Fulongquan fault depression forms a series of semi-mantle shoals; the sedimentary center of the Shahezi-Yingcheng fault is controlled to migrate from south to north; The slanting and thrusting activities control the height of the anticline trap; the transformation of the boundary fault property controls the evolution of the basin's tectonic pattern from the tandem semi-mantle to the faulted anticline.

图1 伏龙泉断陷构造位置及地层综合柱状图
Fig.1 Comprehensive histogram of the structural location and stratigraphy of the Fulongquan fault depression
表1 伏龙泉断陷边界断裂要素表
Table 1 Table of boundary fault elements in the Fulongquan fault depression
图2 伏龙泉断陷过边界断裂主测线地震剖面
Fig. 2 Seismic section of the main survey line of the boundary fault in the Fulongquan fault depression
图3 伏龙泉断陷边界断裂生长活动历史
(a)边界断裂现今位移—距离剖面;(b)边界断裂不同沉积期古落差—距离剖面;(c)边界断裂活动速率;(d)边界断裂反转逆冲断距
Fig. 3 History of fault growth activities at the boundary of the Fulongquan fault depression
(a) Current displacement-distance profiles of boundary faults; (b) Paleo-difference-distance profiles of boundary faults in different depositional periods; (c) Boundary fault activity rate; (d) Boundary fault inversion thrust distance
图4 伏龙泉断陷沙河子组边界断裂活动强度与地层厚度叠合图
Fig. 4 Overlapping map of boundary fault activity intensity and stratigraphic thickness of Shahezi Formation in Fulongquan fault depression
图5 伏龙泉断陷营城组边界断裂活动强度与地层厚度叠合图
Fig. 5 Overlapping map of boundary fault intensity and stratigraphic thickness of Yingcheng Formation in Fulongquan fault depression
图6 伏龙泉断陷同期半地堑串联式平面组合模式
Fig. 6 The planar combination model of Half-graben cascade in the same period of the Fulongquan fault depression
图7 伏龙泉断陷过3个次洼地震剖面
Fig.7 The seismic profiles through three sub-sag in the Fulongquan fault depression
图8 伏龙泉断陷伸展期构造变形场模式
Fig. 8 Model of tectonic deformation field during the extension of the Fulongquan fault depression
图9 伏龙泉断陷反转期构造变形场模式
Fig. 9 Model of tectonic deformation field during the inversion period of the Fulongquan fault depression
1 Zhao Chunman, Yuan Zhiguang, Wang Chunxi. Main controlling factors of natural gas accumulation in Southeast Uplift area of Songliao Basin [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2000(Suppl.1):26-29,8-7.
赵春满, 袁智广, 王春喜. 松辽盆地东南隆起区天然气成藏主要控制因素[J]. 天然气工业,2000(增刊1):26-29,8-7.
2 Gao Ruiqi, Cai Xiyuan.Formation Conditions and Distribution Rules of Oil and Gas Fields in Songliao Basin [M] .Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1997: 12-46.
高瑞棋,蔡希源.松辽盆地油气田形成条件与分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:12-46.
3 Yun Jinbiao, Yin Jinyin, Jin Zhijun. Deep geological characteristics and basin dynamics evolution of Songliao Basin [J]. Seismological Geology, 2003, 25(4): 88-101.
云金表, 殷进垠, 金之钧. 松辽盆地深部地质特征及其盆地动力学演化[J]. 地震地质, 2003, 25(4):88-101.
4 Sun Yonghe, Chen Yibo, Sun Jigang, et al. Fault evolution sequence and inversion tectonic belt formation mechanism in the northern Songliao Basin [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2013, 40(3): 275-283.
孙永河, 陈艺博, 孙继刚, 等. 松辽盆地北部断裂演化序列与反转构造带形成机制[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2013, 40(3):275-283.
5 Hou Guiting, Feng Dachen, Wang Wenming, et al. Inversion tectonic effect of Songliao Basin and its influence on hydrocarbon accumulation [J]. Oil and Gas Geology, 2004, 25(1): 52-56.
侯贵廷, 冯大晨, 王文明, 等. 松辽盆地的反转构造作用及其对油气成藏的影响[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2004, 25(1):52-56.
6 Ge Rongfeng, Zhang Qinglong, Xu Shiyin, et al. Structural evolution and dynamic background of the Changling fault depression in the Songliao Basin [J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2009, 33(4): 16-28.
葛荣峰, 张庆龙, 徐士银,等. 松辽盆地长岭断陷构造演化及其动力学背景[J]. 地质学刊, 2009, 33(4):16-28.
7 Li Juan, Shu Liangshu. Mesozoic and Cenozoic structural characteristics and evolution in the Songliao Basin [J]. Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Science Edition), 2002, 38(4): 525-531.
李娟, 舒良树. 松辽盆地中、新生代构造特征及其演化[J]. 南京大学学报:自然科学版, 2002, 38(4):525-531.
8 Shu Liangshu, Mu Yufu, Wang Bochang. Petroleum-bearing strata and their structural features in Songliao Basin [J]. Chinese Journal of Stratigraphy, 2003, 27(4):340-347.
舒良树, 慕玉福, 王伯长. 松辽盆地含油气地层及其构造特征[J]. 地层学杂志, 2003, 27(4):340-347.
9 Yu Kai, Yan Jizhu, Yang Zhensheng, et al. Relationship between evolution of structural framework and oil and gas in Shiwu fault depression [J]. Natural Gas Industry,2000,20(5): 32-35.
俞凯,闫吉柱,杨振升,等. 十屋断陷构造格架演化与油气的关系[J]. 天然气工业,2000,20(5):32-35.
10 Zhang Qinglin, Tong Dianjun, Wang Mingjun. Inversion structure and hydrocarbon accumulation in Shiwu Fault Depression of Songliao Basin [J]. Tectonics and Mineralogy, 2005, 29(2): 182-188.
张青林, 佟殿君, 王明君. 松辽盆地十屋断陷反转构造与油气聚集[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2005, 29(2):182-188.
11 Sun Simin, Ji Hancheng, Wang Jianwei, et al. Segmentation characteristics and evolution of Xi'anzhuang fault in Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2016,38(5): 628-634.
孙思敏,季汉成,王建伟, 等.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷西南庄断层分段特征及演化[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(5):628-634.
12 Cartwright J A,Trudgill B D,Mansfield C S. Fault growth by segment linkage: An explanation for scatter in maximum displacement and trace length data from the Canyon lands grabens of SE Utah[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,1995,17(9):1 319-1 326.
13 Childs C,Watterson J,Walsh J J.Fault overlap zones within developing normal fault systems[J]. Journal of the Geological Society,1995,152(3):535-549.
14 Faulds J E,Varga R J. The role of accommodation zones and transfer zones in the regional segmentation of extended terranes[C]// Faulds J E,Stewart J H.Accomodation Zones and Transfer Zones:The Regional Segmentation of the Basin and Range Province. Geological Society of America Special Publication,1998,323:1-45.
15 Frankowicz E, McClay K R. Extensional fault segmentation and linkages,Bonaparte Basin,Outer North West Shelf,Australia[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(7):977-1 010.
16 Schlische R W,Younu S S,Axkermann R V,et al. Geometry and scaling relations of a population of very small rift related normal faults[J]. Geology,1996,24:683-686.
17 Watterson J. Fault dimensions, displacements and growth[J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics,1986,124:365-373.
18 Nixon C W, Mcneill L C, Bull J M, et al. Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece[J]. Tectonics, 2016, 35(5):1 225-1 248.
19 Liu Zhe, Yanfang Lü, Sun Yonghe, et al.Segmented growth characteristics of congenital faults and their petroleum geological significance: A case study of Yuanyanggou fault in the western depression of Liaohe [J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2012,41 (5): 793-799.
刘哲,吕延防,孙永河, 等.同生断裂分段生长特征及其石油地质意义——以辽河西部凹陷鸳鸯沟断裂为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(5):793-799.
20 Bell R E, Duclaux G, Nixon C W, et al. High-angle, not low-angle, normal faults dominate early rift extension in the Corinth Rift, central Greece[J]. Geology, 2018, 46(2):115-118.
21 Zhao Mengwei. Discussion on Fault Growth Index [J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 1989,(3): 49-53.
赵孟为. 断层生长指数探讨[J]. 石油实验地质,1989,(3):49-53.
22 Li Qinying, Luo Fengzhi, Miao Cuizhi. Method and application of fault activity rate research [J]. Fault Block Oil & Gas Field, 2000, 7(2): 15-17.
李勤英, 罗凤芝, 苗翠芝. 断层活动速率研究方法及应用探讨[J]. 断块油气田, 2000, 7(2):15-17.
23 Zhao Yong, Dai Junsheng. Application of drop analysis to study growth faults [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2003,30(3):13-15.
赵勇, 戴俊生. 应用落差分析研究生长断层[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2003,30(3):13-15.
24 Lu Yi, Wang Shuxiang, Chen Song, et al. A method for calculating the intensity of fault activity and its application [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2010,21(4): 612-616.
卢异, 王书香, 陈松, 等. 一种断裂活动强度计算方法及其应用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2010,21(4): 612-616.
25 Ru Ke. Analysis of half graben in rift basin [J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas (Geology), 1990, 4(6): 1-10.
茹克. 裂陷盆地的半地堑分析[J]. 中国海上油气(地质), 1990, 4(6):1-10.
26 Chen Fajing, Wang Xinwen, Chen Zhaonian. Superimposed types of extensional fault depressions in different periods [J]. Modern Geology, 2011,20(5): 889-895.
陈发景,汪新文,陈昭年.不同期伸展断陷的叠合类型[J]. 现代地质,2011,20(5):889-895.
27 Song Tingguang, Han Dianjie. Types and characteristics of forward and reverse structures [J]. Earth Science: Journal of China University of Geosciences, 1995, 20(3): 271-275.
宋廷光, 韩殿杰. 正反转构造的类型和特点[J]. 地球科学:中国地质大学学报, 1995, 20(3):271-275.
[1] 李强, 蒲俊兵, 黄妮, 杜红梅, 祁向坤, 王力, 杨慧. 断陷盆地生态环境地质分异及石漠化演变机理的研究途径[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(9): 899-907.
[2] 杨巍然,隋志龙,MatsVD. 俄罗斯贝加尔湖区伸展构造及与中国东部伸展构造对比[J]. 地球科学进展, 2003, 18(1): 45-049.
[3] 贝 丰,宋振亚,林 丽,吴 征. 云南新生代断陷盆地的环境地质记录[J]. 地球科学进展, 2000, 15(1): 25-33.
阅读次数
全文


摘要