气溶胶质谱技术在海洋气溶胶亚微米级颗粒物特征的研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2015.02.0226

海洋上空颗粒物（即海洋气溶胶）体系组成和来源非常复杂,它对于大气颗粒物总数贡献非常大,是大气科学及全球变化领域研究的重要组成部分。与传统离线滤膜采样技术相比,气溶胶质谱技术具有灵敏度高、检测效率高、时空分辨率高等特点,已广泛应用于大气细颗粒物的特征和来源判别研究中。综述比较了目前应用最广泛的气溶胶质谱仪(AMS)和气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪(ATOFMS)在岛屿、沿海城市、近海、开阔大洋及南北极地等区域细颗粒物特征的研究进展。指出2种一起联合使用,可以较为全面地观测海洋气溶胶的粒径、化学组分及混合态的特征,为中国近海的雾霾监测网建设和治理空气污染提供一定的科学依据。

关键词: 海洋化学, 细颗粒物, 气溶胶质谱仪, 气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪

Particulate matter system over the ocean (i.e. marine aerosols) is very complex composition and source. Marine aerosols play a significant role in the total number of atmospheric particulate matter and they are an important part in the study of atmospheric science and global change. Compared with traditional offline observational analysis, the online particle mass spectrometric instruments have high sensitivity, high detection efficiency, high spatial and temporal resolution so that online measurements are widely used to characterize the fine particulate matter (fine atmospheric aerosol). The study in this paper focusd on the most widely used Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS) and Aerosol Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (ATOFMS), which were used to investigate and characterize the aerosol in islands, coastal oceans, open oceans and polar regions, respectively. We suggest the integrated use of the above-mentioned two mass spectrometers to investigate marine aerosol particle size, chemical composition and mixed state to obtain scientific data during China's offshore haze monitoring network and air pollution control.

Key words: Marine chemistry, Fine particles, AMS, SPAMS.

中图分类号:

P618.130.2

图1 AMS观测研究世界主要地区用海洋边界层亚微米级颗粒物的饼图 ^{[

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,

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~

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]} NEAQS：新英格兰地区空气质量调查(NEW England Air Quality Study);IMPEX：洲际和特大城市污染实验(The Intercontinental and Megacity Pollution Experiment); ACE-亚洲:亚洲气溶胶特征实验(The Aerosol Characterization Experiments-Asia)

Fig.1 AMS observational studies the world with the marine boundary layer of submicron particle pie chart ^{[

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图2 AMS检测烟雾箱试验中气溶胶雾箱的质谱信息和C ₂I ₂形成气溶胶的化学反应过程 ^{[

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Fig 2 Observed aerosol mass spectrum from chamber experiments as measured by the aerosol mass spectrometer and chemical pathway from CH ₂I ₂ to aerosol production ^{[

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图 3 与硝酸盐反应前后海盐飞溅颗粒物内部离子从新分布图 ^{[

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Fig 3 Schematic showing ion distributions of SSA particles before and after reaction with nitric acid ^{[

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Review on Application of Aerosol Mass Spectrometric Technique in Characterizing Submicron Particles in Marine Aerosols