大地基准的现代化和卫星大地测量新成果———参加国际大地测量协会（IAG）2003年日本札晃大会札记

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2004.01.0012

地球科学进展 ›› 2004, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 12 -016. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2004.01.0012

陈俊勇

国家测绘局，北京 100830

收稿日期:2003-07-23 修回日期:2003-11-03 出版日期:2004-01-20
通讯作者: 陈俊勇（1933-），男，浙江宁波人，研究员，中国科学院院士，主要从事大地测量学研究. E-mail:E-mail:jychen@sun.ihep.ac.cn

MODERNIZATION OF GEODETIC DATUM AND THE NEW DEVELOPMENT OF SATELLITE GEODESY

CHEN Jun-yong

State Bureau of Surveying & Mapping, Beijing 100830, China

Received:2003-07-23 Revised:2003-11-03 Online:2004-01-20 Published:2004-02-01

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国际大地测量协会（IAG）2003年 7月在日本札晃举行了近 8天的学术讨论会。现将讨论会中关于我国近邻国家大地基准现代化，低轨卫星（LEO）解算地球重力场的新方法---《一步法》，及GPS数据处理方法的新进展等进行扼要介绍。《国际地面参考框架（ITRF）》一直作为全球的大地测量坐标框架，它目前存在的主要问题是它的框架点是一律被假定作常速运动的，但实际情况与ITRF的这一假定是不一致的。在这次大会上我国的近邻国家如日本、蒙古、新西兰、韩国、马来西亚等报告了本国大地坐标系统、坐标框架的更新和现代化，以及地区大地水准面的精化工作。通常利用二步法从低轨卫星的轨道信息求定地球重力场及其时变，大会上报告的一步法是对这一经典方法的重大改进和突破。GPS数据处理方法的新进展中比较突出的有：顾及观测数据短暂性相关影响的GPS连续运行网坐标及其移动速度的解算方案；含有系统误差的GPS观测数据的解算等。

关键词: 大地测量, 大地基准, 卫星大地测量

Some important topics in the IAG (International Association of Geodesy) Symposium held in July 2003, in Sapporo, Japan, such as the modernization of geodetic datum in China's neighboring countries, new strategy for the Earth gravity field determination from LEO satellites (One Step) and the new development in the GPS data processing techniques are briefly introduced in the paper. "International Terrestrial reference Frame”is taken as the global geodetic coordinate frame and its main problem is that the moving rates of all its frame points are supposed as a constant speed rate. However, this ITRF assumption is not true, which does not always coincide with practical situation. China's neighboring and near neighboring countries, like Japan, New Zealand, Mongolia, South Korea and Malaysia gave the introduction at the symposium about the geodetic datum modernization and geoid improvement work in their countries respectively. The Earth Gravity Field and its variation are usually determined with so called two-steps method. The so called one-step method, a new type of technique presented at the symposium to solve the same problem is an important development in this field. Some important advances in the field of GPS data processing are presented, such as the computational technique of coordinates and their movement for the continuous operation GPS stations from the GPS observational data with temporal correlation; the GPS data processing from the GPS observational data with systematic errors.

Key words: Geodesy, Geodetic datum, Satellite geodesy.

中图分类号:

P228

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