滇西北衙地区热水岩溶作用及其伴生的地质灾害

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.06.0912

地球科学进展 ›› 2003, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (6): 912 -920. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.06.0912

徐兴旺,蔡新平,肖骑彬,梁光河,张宝林,王杰

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，北京 100029

收稿日期:2002-11-26 修回日期:2003-06-09 出版日期:2003-12-20
通讯作者: 徐兴旺 E-mail:xuxw@mail.igcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“滇西北衙地区岩溶洞穴中岩浆的流动变形与破碎”（编号: 40272090）;国家重点基础研究发展规划项目二级课题“冈底斯—藏东斑岩铜钼金成矿作用”（编号: 2002CB412605）资助.

HYDROTHERMAL KARST AND THEIR ASSOCIATED GEOLOGICAL DISASTERS IN THE BEIYA AREA, WESTERN YUNNAN PROVINCE

Xu Xingwang, Cai Xinping, Xiao Qibin, Liang Guanghe, Zhang Baolin, Wang Jie

Institute of Geology and Geophysics, CAS, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2002-11-26 Revised:2003-06-09 Online:2003-12-20 Published:2003-12-01

报道了滇西北衙地区新发现的热水角砾岩及其显示的热水岩溶与伴生地质灾害的特征。北衙地区热水角砾岩和热水岩溶可分为 4种类型和层次，即①地表相爆发-沉积作用形成的沉积凝灰-角砾岩、热水沉积鲕状灰岩与钙华胶结角砾岩；②与近地表洞穴沉积和垮塌作用有关的热水沉积砾岩和汽爆射流角砾岩；③与热水通道相蚀裂和爆破角砾化作用有关的网络状灰岩角砾岩筒和热水隐爆角砾岩筒；④深部相热水浸煮-蚀变灰岩。除深部相浸煮蚀变作用外，其余 3种热水岩溶作用都可伴生和引起地质灾害。万洞山-五里排一带呈席状覆盖于第三系河湖相的砂砾岩和粘土沉积之上的灰岩质热水角砾岩为一套从陈家庄角砾岩筒滑覆过来的热水角砾岩滑体，其可能是造成金沙江古河道淤塞并使古金沙江改道和形成大拐弯的主要原因。

关键词: 热水角砾岩, 热水岩溶, 地质灾害, 滇西, 北衙

This paper reports the characteristics of hydrothermal breccia discovered recently, their hydrothermal karst as well as associated geological disasters in the Beiya area, western Yunnan province. The hydrothermal breccia and karst in the Beiya area are divided into 4 types and zones, including: ① sedimentary tuff and breccia induced by hydrothermal explosion and sedimentation on land surface; ② hydrothermal sedimentary conglomerate and gas-explosive ejecting breccia related to sedimentation in and collapsing of some shallow karst caves; ③ netted hydrothermal limestone breccia and hydrothermal explosive breccia pipe related to hydrofracturing, corrosion and explosion in the hydrothermal channels; and ④ yellow granular limestone formed by simmering and alteration in the deep heated water reservoir. Except the simmering in deep area, other three kinds of hydrothermal karst would associate and induce geological disasters. The hydrothermal limestone breccia sheet presented over Tertiary fluvial, lacustrive sandstone and mud in the Wandongshan-Wulipai area is a hydrothermal breccia landslide from the Chenjiazhuang breccia pipe, and it may be a domain origin which would have obstructed the Jinshajiang old channel and made the Jinshajiang river to change and to form the famous valley and turns.

Key words: Hydrothermal breccia, Hydrothermal karst, Geological disaster, Beiya, Western Yunnan province.

中图分类号:

P642.25

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