地球科学进展 ›› 2000, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 172 -177. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2000.02.0172

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环境生态系统散落核素示踪研究新进展
万国江 ,P. G. Appleby   
  1. ①中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州 贵阳, 550002;②Dept of Mathematical Sciences,University of Liverpool,P.O.Box147,Liverpool L69 3BX,UK
  • 收稿日期:1999-06-21 出版日期:2000-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 万国江,男,1940年6月出生,研究员,主要从事环境地球化学研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“210Pb的环境地球化学”(编号:49773207、49894170、49333040)和中国科学院“九五”重点项目(编号:KZ951-A1-402)资助。

PROGRESS ON FALLOUT RADIONUCLIDES AS TRACERS IN ENVIRON-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

WAN Guojiang ,P. G. Appleby   

  1. ①State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,CAS,Guiyang, 550002,China;②Dept of Mathematical Sciences,University of Liverpool,P.O.Box147,Liverpool L69 3BX,UK
  • Received:1999-06-21 Online:2000-04-01 Published:2000-04-01

环境生态系统中的放射性核素既具有生态毒性,对生物和人体健康产生重要影响,又具有稳定的衰变函数和输入通量,对环境生态系统具有重要示踪价值。人类可利用放射性核素来认识环境生态系统:①环境生态系统中放射性核素的基准:放射性强度与环境生态系统之间的平衡关系;②环境生态系统中放射性核素的行为:在环境生态系统不同宿体和组分间的运移关系。考察放射性核素在生态系统不同环节中比活度的变化有助于认识环境生态过程生物地球化学作用的影响。

 

The radionuclides in environ-ecological systems are important for numbers of reasons. These include the potential radiological impact on biota and human health, and their use as tracers for environmental processes. Therefore, man can make use of radionuclides to know the ecosystem. Important aspects include: (1) radionuclide criteria in the environments and the ecosystem: equilibrium relationship between the radioactive ratio and the ecosystem, or the important significance of environmental radionuclides in the ecosystems; and (2) radionuclide behavior in the environments and the ecosystem: the transfer relationships of radionuclides between different components of the ecosystem. In order to understand the impacts of bio-geochemical processes in different ecosystems, it is essential to investigate the variety of radionuclide activity, and the interactions with the environment of all stages. The VII International Congress of Ecology was organised by the International Association for Ecology (INTECOL) in conjunction with the Italian Ecological Society (SITE). It was held in Florence, Italy on 19~25 July,1998. With support from the Program Committee, we established a Symposium on Radionuclides in Ecological Systems (RNES) organised as below. On this symposium, the discussion focuses on the geochemical behaviours of 210Pb,137Cs and7Be, as three fallout radionuclides with different originating.This presentation is concerned with recent progress on the dating lake sediments by 210Pb and137Cs, and the bio-geochemical behaviors of the 210Pb,137Cs and 7Be in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. With the fallout radionuclides such as 210Pb,137Cs and7Be are of increasing importance to a wide range of environmental and ecological programs, in order to know their role in the evolution of ecosystems by acting as propellers of genetic variation, it is essential to establishing a global database for environmental
radionuclides.

中图分类号: 

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