收稿日期: 2007-10-30
修回日期: 2008-04-15
网络出版日期: 2008-06-10
基金资助
中国大洋协会项目“深海生物地球化学过程在地质体中的记录”(编号:DYXM-115-02-4-04)资助.
Recent Progress in Deep-sea Hydrothermal Vent Communities
Received date: 2007-10-30
Revised date: 2008-04-15
Online published: 2008-06-10
近年来深海热液喷口生物群落的研究取得了大量的成果。通过调查发现,除温度外,环境化学参数、地理位置、喷口类型、热液活动周期、生物可利用率等因素都对深海热液喷口生物群落分布产生影响。随着实验室热液微生物的分离、培养成功,一些新的属种及其特殊的生理特征被发现。分子生物学技术的发展,使得对于深海热液生物基因测序、基因功能的研究和表达,功能基因对微生物生理功能的调控作用,动物与微生物之间的共生关系,生物对极端环境的适应机制等问题的研究都能够进行。对于目前不能进行实验室分离培养的微生物,通过基因组分析,也能够了解其群落结构。不同的深海热液喷口,其病毒的类型、分布、丰度以及病毒对热液生态系统的影响是不同的。通过这些研究,科学家探讨了热液喷口环境中生物群落的能量合成与代谢途径的相关理论,并提出了生命有可能起源于热液喷口环境的假说。
胡建芳 , 王丽玲 , 林景星 . 深海热液喷口生物群落研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008 , 23(6) : 604 -612 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.06.0604
The hydrothermal vent communities were actively studied in rescent years and significant progress has been obtained. The Iinvestigations of hydrothermal vent communities indicate that a number of factors could affect the composition of the community, including temperature, environmental chemistry, the site and type of vent, and the cycle of hydrothermal activities. In this period, representatives of several new taxa of microorganisms were identified based on the successful culture in the laboratory. The mechanism of gene in regulating the microbial physiological function, the symbiosis between animals and microbe, and the mechanism of physiological adaptations to extreme environment were established by genetic sequencing ofand functionalization of the hydrothermal organisms. Also, our knowledge on the microbial diversity and the community structure of the hydrothermal vent environment extended significantly by the macrogenetic surveys of un-cultured microbe in the hydrothermal vent communities. Deep-sea hydrothermal vents were also found to be inhabited by virus. The existence and significant ecological roles of chemoautotrophic and autotrophic microbe in the hydrothermal vent communities strongly support the hypothesis that the life emerges at the hydrothermal environment on the Earth.
[1] Reysenbach A L,Shock E. Merging genomes with geochemistry in hydrothermal ecosystems [J]. Science,2002,296:1 077-1 082.
[2] Wang Chunsheng,Yang Junyi,Zhang Dongsheng,et al. A review on deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities [J]. Journal of Xiamen University(Nature Science),2006,45(2):141-147.[王春生,杨俊毅,张东声,等.深海热液生物群落研究综述[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,2006,45(2):141-147.]
[3] Jollivet D. Specific and genetic diversity at deep-sea hydrothermal vents: An overview [J]. Biodiversity and Conservation,1996,5:1 619-1 653.
[4] Boetius A. Lost city life [J].Science,2005,307:1 420-1 422.
[5] Tarasov V G,Gebruk A V,Mironov A N,et al. Deep-sea and shallow-water hydrothermal vent communities: Two different phenomena [J]. Chemical Geology,2005,224:5-39.
[6] Li Rihui,Hou Guiqing. Reserach advances in deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities [J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1999,19(4):103-108.[李日辉,侯贵卿.深海热液喷口群落的研究进展[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(4):103-108.]
[7] Luther W G,Rozab F T,Rozan F T,et al. Chemical speciation drives hydrothermal vent ecology [J]. Nature,2001,410:813-816.
[8] Tunnlcllffe V,Fowler R C M. Influence of sea-floor spreading on the global hydrothermal vent fauna [J]. Nature,1996,379:531-533.
[9] Dover C L V,Humphris S E,Fornari D,et al. Biogeography and ecological setting of Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents [J]. Science,2001,294:818-823.
[10] Miroshnichenko M L. Thermophilic microbial communities of deep-sea hydrothermal vents [J]. Microbiology,2004,73(1):1-13.
[11] Xiao Tian,Chen Duo. Microbial processes at deep-sea hydrothermal vents [J]. Marine Sciences,1998,6:11-15.[肖天,陈騳.深海热液区的微生物作用[J].海洋科学,1998,6:11-15.]
[12] Miroshnichenko L M,Bonch-Osmolovskaya A E. Recent developments in the thermophilic microbiology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents [J]. Extremophiles,2006,10:85-96.
[13] Shan Liwei,Feng Guiying,Fan Sanhong. Progress in genome and methanogenesis of methanogens [J]. Journal of Microbiology,2003,23(6):42-46.[单丽伟,冯贵颖,范三红.产甲烷菌研究进展[J].微生物学杂志,2003,23(6):42-46.]
[14] Liu Zhiheng. Modern Microbiology [M]. Beijing: Science Press,2002:190.[刘志恒主编.现代微生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:190.]
[15] Huang Jufang,Zeng Leping,Zhou Hongbo. Influence of microorganisms in deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the behavior of mineral elements [J]. Ecology and Environment,2006,15(1):175-178.[黄菊芳,曾乐平,周洪波.深海热液喷口微生物对矿物元素行为的影响[J].生态环境,2006,15(1):175-178.]
[16] Christopher E L. Bacterial Endosymbionts: Genome reduction in a hot spot [J]. Current Biology,2007,17(13): R508-R510.
[17] Satoshi N,Yoshihiro T,Shigeru S,et al. Deep-sea ventε-proteobacterial genomes provide insights into emergence of pathogens [J]. PNAS,2007,104(29):12 146-12 150.
[18] Huber J A,Mark Welch D B,Morrison H G,et al. Microbial population structures in the deep marine biosphere [J]. Science,2007,318:97-100.
[19] Prieur D. Microbiology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents [J]. Marine biotechnology,1997, 15:242-244.
[20] Jeanthon C. Molecular ecology of hydrothermal vent microbial communities [J]. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek,2000,77:117-133.
[21] Prieur D,Erauso G,Geslin C,et al. Genetic elements of thermococcales [J]. Biochemical Society Transactions,2004,32:184-187.
[22] Claire G,Marc Le R,Mélusine G,et al. Observation of virus-like particles in high temperature enrichment cultures from deep-sea hydrothermal vents [J]. Research in Microbiology,2003,154:303-307.
[23] Alice C O,Curtis A S. High abundances of viruses in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent system indicates viral mediated microbial mortality [J]. Deep-sea Research PartⅠ,2005,52:1 515-1 527.
[24] Fry I. Search for Life’s Beginnings [J]. Science,2006,312:1 140-1 141.
[25] Feng Jun,Li Jianghai,Niu Xianglong. Research advances in hydrothermal vent microbial communities and its significance for geology [J]. Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(7):732-739.[冯军,李江海,牛向龙.现代海底热液微生物群落及其地质意义[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(7):732-739.]
[26] Fu Wei,Zhou Yongzhang,Yang Zhijun,et al. Modern seafloor hydrothermal system and its scientific implications [J]. Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(1):81-88.[付伟,周永章,杨志军,等.现代海底热水活动的系统性研究及其科学意义[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(1):81-88.]
[27] Little T S C,Vrijenhoek C R. Are hydrothermal vent animals living fossils? [J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution,2003,18(11):582-588.
[28] Suzuki Y,Inagaki F,Takai K,et al. Microbial diversity in inactive chimney structures from deep-sea hydrothermal systems [J]. Microbial Ecology,2004,47:186-196.
[29] Shen Guoying,Shi Bingzhang. Marine Ecology [M]. Beijing: Science Press,2002:353-356.[沈国英,施并章.海洋生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:353-356.]
[30] Fisher R C,Girguis P A . Proteomic snapshot of life at a vent [J]. Science,2007,315:198-199.
[31] Markert S,Arndt C,Felbeck H,et al. Physiological proteomics of the uncultured endosymbiont of Riftia pachyptila [J]. Science,2007,315:247-250.
[32] Rau G. Hydrothermal vent clam and tube worm 13C/12C: Further evidence of nonphotosynthetic food sources [J]. Science,1981,213:338-340.
[33] Kashefi K,Lovley R D. Extending the upper temperature Limit for Life [J]. Science,2003, 301:934.
[34] Marteinsson V T,Birrien J L,Kristjansson J K,et al. First isolation of thermophilic aerobic non-Ssporulating heterotrophic bacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal vents [J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,1995,18:163-174.
[35] Chen Xiulan,Zhang Yuzhong,Gao Peiji. Progress in deep-sea microbiology [J]. Marine Sciences,2004,28(1):61-66.[陈秀兰,张玉忠,高培基.深海微生物研究进展[J].海洋科学,2004,28(1):61-66.]
[36] Lollar B S. Life’s chemical kitchen [J]. Science,2004,304:972-973.
[37] Liang Zhanbei,Shi Yi,Yue Jin. Progress in methanotrophs [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2004,23(5):198-205.[梁战备,史奕,岳进.甲烷氧化菌研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(5):198-205.]
[38] Zhai Shikui,Li Huaiming,Yu Zenghui,et al. Advance in the investigation technology of modern seafloor hydrothermal activities [J]. Advances in Earth Science,2007,22(8):769-776.[翟世奎,李怀明,于增慧,等.现代海底热液活动调查研究技术进展[J].地球科学进展,2007,22(8):769-776.]
[39] Ou Mingong,Cui Xiaolong,Li Yiqing,et al. Application of metagenomics in uncultured microorganism study [J]. Journal of Microbiology,2007,27(2):88-91.[欧敏功,崔晓龙,李一青,等.宏基因组学在未培养微生物研究中的应用[J].微生物学杂志,2007,27(2):88-91.]
/
〈 |
|
〉 |