收稿日期: 2005-11-08
修回日期: 2006-03-27
网络出版日期: 2006-05-15
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目“南海东沙海域天然气水合物烃类气体的成因机制研究”(编号:40473001);国土资源部“百人计划”项目;中国地质调查局“我国陆域永久冻土带天然气水合物资源远景调查”项目(编号:200410100001)资助.
Production Test from Gas Hydrate of Mackenzie Permafrost, Canada
Received date: 2005-11-08
Revised date: 2006-03-27
Online published: 2006-05-15
马更些(Mackenzie)冻土区位于加拿大西北地区,是世界上最著名的天然气水合物产地之一,也是加拿大最重要的含油气盆地之一。在Mallik地区已相继钻探了L-38、2L-38、3L-38、4L-38和5L-38共5个钻孔,并进行了地质、地球物理、地球化学、微生物学和试生产等方面的多学科多方法研究,是目前全球天然气水合物研究程度最高、资料最丰富的地区。“Mallik 2002”项目开展了天然气水合物的短期试生产,共对6个水合物层位进行了降压法试生产并在其中的4个层位取得了成功,同时利用注入约80℃的热流体进行了5天多的加热法试生产,共生产出468 m3 的天然气。“Mallik 2002”项目的成功实施是天然气水合物开发利用史上的里程碑,为将来的长期试生产和最终开发利用奠定了基础。随着开发利用研究的不断深入,天然气水合物这一规模巨大的潜在能源有可能在不久的将来为人类社会所用。
祝有海 . 加拿大马更些冻土区天然气水合物试生产进展与展望[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006 , 21(5) : 513 -520 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.05.0513
The Mackenzie permafrost, located at Northwest Territories, Canada, is one of the most important gas hydrate inventories all over the world and conventional petroleum basins in Canada. Mallik L-38, 2L-38, 3L-38, 4L-38 and 5L-38 wells for gas hydrate or conventional petroleum have been drilled in the Mallik gas hydrate field, the Mackenzie Delta, and a broad of research activities including regional geology, geophysics, geochemistry, microbiology, logging, production testing and modeling, and etc., have been undertaken, which accumulated a vast amount of data and technical research papers. Therefore, the Mallik gas hydrate field has come to be known as more scientists and engineers on gas hydrate investigation and research. A suite of well constrained short-term production tests by depressurization and thermal-stimulation techniques were undertaken and successful on the Mallik 2002 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, which confirms the feasibility of natural gas production from gas hydrate. The Mallik 2002 Program is a milestone in gas hydrate exploitation, which has provided a basis for future long-term production test and production strategies. It is believed that the potential of gas hydrate as an energy source is likely become as an energy commodity in the future.
Key words: Permafrost; Production test; Mackenzie; Canada.; Gas hydrate
[1] Dallimore S R, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from the Mallik 2002 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada [C]. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 585, 2005.
[2] Dallimore S R, Uchida T, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 Gas Hydrate Research Well, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada [C]. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 544, 1999.
[3] Osadeta K G, Morrell G R, Dixon J, et al. Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin: A review of conventional and nonconventional (gas hydrate) petroleum reserves and undiscovered resources[C]∥Dallimore S R, Collett T S,eds. Scientific Results from the Mallik 2002 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 585, 2005:1-19.
[4] Dallimore S R, Collett T S. Summary and implication of the Mallik 2002 gas hydrate production research well program[C]∥Dallimore S R, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from the Mallik 2002 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 585, 2005:1-36.
[5] Bily C, Dick J W L. Natural gas hydrate in the Mackenzie delta, Northwest Territories[J]. Canadian Petroleum Geology Bulletin,1974, 22: 340-352.
[6] Dallimore S R, Collett T S. Intrapermafrost gas hydrates from a deep corehole in the Mackenzie delta, Northwest Territories, Canada[J]. Geology,1995, 23: 527-530.
[7] Dallimore S R, Collett T S. Regional gas hydrate occurrences, permafrost conditions, and Cenozoic geology, Mackenzie Delta area[C]∥Dallimore S R, Uchida T, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from JAPEX/ JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 Gas Hydrate Research Well, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 544, 1999:31-43.
[8] Sloan E D. Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases (second edit)[M]. New York:Marcel Dekker Inc., 1998.
[9] Judge A S, Majorowicz J A. Geothermal conditions for gas hydrate stability in the Beaufort-Mackenzie area: The global change aspect [J]. Global and Planetary Change,1992, 98: 251-263.
[10] Smith S L, Judge A S. Gas Hydrate Database for Canadian Arctic and Selected East Coast Wells [M]. Geology Survey Canada Open File 2746, 1993.
[11] Collett T S, Dallimore S R. Permafrost-related natural gas hydrate[C]∥Max M D, ed. Natural Gas Hydrate in Oceanic and Permafrost Environments. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 2000:43-60.
[12] Majorowicz J A, Osadetz K. Basic geological and geophysical controls bearing on gas hydrate distribution and volume in Canada[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2001, 85: 1 211-1 230.
[13] Collett T S, Lee M W, Dallimore S R, et al. Seismic- and well-log-inferred gas hydrate accumulations on Richards[C]∥Dallimore S R, Uchida T, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 Gas Hydrate Research Well, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin, 1999, 544:357-376.
[14] Dallimore S R, Collett T S, Uchida T. Overview of science program, JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well[C]∥Dallimore S R, Uchida T, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 Gas Hydrate Research Well, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 544, 1999:11-17.
[15] Hancock S H, Dallimore S R, Collett T S, et al. Overview of pressure-drawdown production-test results for the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well[C]∥Dallimore S R, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from the Mallik 2002 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 585, 2005:1-16.
[16] Hancock S H, Collett T S, Dallimore S R, et al. Overview of thermal-stimulation production-test results from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well[C]∥Dallimore S R, Collett T S, eds. Scientific Results from the Mallik 2002 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 585, 2005:1-15.
[17] Grauls D. Gas hydrate: Importance and applications in petroleum exploration[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2001, 18:519-523.
[18] Bil K J. Economic perspective of methane from hydrate[C]∥Max M D ed. Natural Gas Hydrate in Oceanic and Permafrost Environments. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher,2000:349-360.
/
〈 |
|
〉 |